Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 4, sentence 71
And there was music made before each prince, trumpets and drums, and merry piping; each man hearkened his minstrel, and they too hearkened theirs.
Who acts: man, men · What happens: make, be, hearken · To what, where: music
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, men), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 was | cc |
| 2 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 3 was | expl |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 hearkened | cop |
| 4 | music | music | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 was | nsubj |
| 5 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 music | acl |
| 6 | before | before | ADP | _ | 8 prince | case |
| 7 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 prince | det |
| 8 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 made | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 trumpets | punct |
| 10 | trumpets | trumpet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 prince | appos |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 drums | cc |
| 12 | drums | drum | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 trumpets | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 piping | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 piping | cc |
| 15 | merry | merry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 piping | amod |
| 16 | piping | piping | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 music | conj |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 hearkened | punct |
| 18 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 19 man | det |
| 19 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 hearkened | nsubj |
| 20 | hearkened | hearken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 minstrel | nmod:poss |
| 22 | minstrel | minstrel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 hearkened | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 hearkened | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 hearkened | cc |
| 25 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 hearkened | nsubj |
| 26 | too | too | ADV | _ | 27 hearkened | advmod |
| 27 | hearkened | hearken | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 hearkened | conj |
| 28 | theirs | their | PRON | Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 hearkened | obj |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 hearkened | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | participle | music and merry piping not said here | before each prince | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||
| 2 | is | past | each man | Gawain's minstrel obj; hearken property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | hearken | past | men = man | music | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/4/71/