Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 4, sentence 79
Then the host asked him courteously what stern behest had driven him at the holy season from the king’s court, to fare all alone, ere yet the feast was ended?
Who acts: host · What happens: ask, drive, fare, end · To what, where: Gawain, stern behest, feast · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (host), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 asked | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 host | det |
| 3 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 asked | nsubj |
| 4 | asked | ask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 asked | iobj |
| 6 | courteously | courteously | ADV | _ | 7 what | advmod |
| 7 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 11 driven | obj |
| 8 | stern | stern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 behest | amod |
| 9 | behest | behest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 driven | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 driven | aux |
| 11 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 asked | ccomp |
| 12 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 driven | obj |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 16 season | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 season | det |
| 15 | holy | holy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 season | amod |
| 16 | season | season | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 driven | obl |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 21 court | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 king | det |
| 19 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 court | nmod:poss |
| 20 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 19 king | case |
| 21 | court | court | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 season | nmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 fare | punct |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 fare | mark |
| 24 | fare | fare | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 asked | parataxis |
| 25 | all | all | ADV | _ | 26 alone | advmod |
| 26 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 24 fare | advmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 ended | punct |
| 28 | ere | ere | ADV | _ | 33 ended | advmod |
| 29 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 33 ended | advmod |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 feast | det |
| 31 | feast | feast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 ended | nsubj:pass |
| 32 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 ended | aux:pass |
| 33 | ended | end | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 fare | conj |
| 34 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 asked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ask speech: ask | past | the host | Gawain | then | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 2 | drive | past · perfect · passive | stern behest | season | what obj; Gawain obj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | fare | to-infinitive | alone property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | end | past · passive | the feast | yet | ere property | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: subject=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/4/79/