Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 5, sentence 12
Full early, ere daylight, the folk rose up; the guests who would depart called their grooms, and they made them ready, and saddled the steeds, tightened up the girths, and trussed up their mails.
Who acts: ere daylight, guests, daylight, steeds · What happens: rise up, depart, call, make, saddle, tighten up · To what, where: guests, grooms, steeds, girths, mails · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ere daylight, guests, daylight, steeds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Full | full | ADV | _ | 2 early | advmod |
| 2 | early | early | ADV | Degree=Pos | 9 rose | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 early | punct |
| 4 | ere | ere | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 daylight | amod |
| 5 | daylight | daylight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 rose | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 folk | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 folk | det |
| 8 | folk | folk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 daylight | conj |
| 9 | rose | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | up | up | ADP | _ | 9 rose | compound:prt |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 guests | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 guests | det |
| 13 | guests | guest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 rose | obl |
| 14 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 depart | nsubj |
| 15 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 depart | aux |
| 16 | depart | depart | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 guests | acl:relcl |
| 17 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 depart | xcomp |
| 18 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 grooms | nmod:poss |
| 19 | grooms | groom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 called | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 made | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 made | cc |
| 22 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 made | nsubj |
| 23 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 rose | conj |
| 24 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 made | obj |
| 25 | ready | ready | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 made | xcomp |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 saddled | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 saddled | cc |
| 28 | saddled | saddle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 rose | conj |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 steeds | det |
| 30 | steeds | steed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 saddled | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 tightened | punct |
| 32 | tightened | tighten | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 steeds | acl |
| 33 | up | up | ADP | _ | 32 tightened | compound:prt |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 girths | det |
| 35 | girths | girth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 tightened | obj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 trussed | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 trussed | cc |
| 38 | trussed | truss | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 28 saddled | conj |
| 39 | up | up | ADP | _ | 38 trussed | compound:prt |
| 40 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 mails | nmod:poss |
| 41 | mails | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 trussed | obj | |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 rose | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rise up | past | ere daylight and the folk | the guests | early property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | depart | would | the guests | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | call | participle | the guests not said here | daylight's grooms | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent groom=Recipient | ||||
| 4 | make | past | daylight | grooms = groom | ready property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset they=Product | |||
| 5 | saddle | past | ere daylight and the folk not said here | the steeds | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent steed=Destination | ||||
| 6 | tighten up | participle | the steeds not said here | the girths | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent girth=Patient | ||||
| 7 | truss up | participle | ere daylight and the folk not said here | daylight's mails | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent mail=Patient | ||||
| 8 | daylight | nom mail «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/5/12/