Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 5, sentence 22

They betook them to the heights, but the liers in wait turned them back with loud cries; the harts they let pass them, and the stags with their spreading antlers, for the lord had forbidden that they should be slain, but the hinds and the does they turned back, and drave down into the valleys.

Who acts: trackers, liers, harts · What happens: betake, turn back, let, pass, forbid, be · To what, where: hunters, stags, valleys

This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trackers, liers, harts), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 betook	nsubj
2	betook	betake	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 betook	obj
4	to	to	ADP	_	6 heights	case
5	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	6 heights	det
6	heights	height	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 betook	obl
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 turned	punct
8	but	but	CCONJ	_	13 turned	cc
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 liers	det
10	liers	lier	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 turned	nsubj
11	in	in	ADP	_	12 wait	case
12	wait	wait	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 liers	nmod
13	turned	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 betook	conj
14	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	13 turned	obj
15	back	back	ADV	_	13 turned	advmod
16	with	with	ADP	_	18 cries	case
17	loud	loud	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 cries	amod
18	cries	cry	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 turned	obl
19	;	;	PUNCT	_	23 let	punct
20	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	21 harts	det
21	harts	hart	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 let	nsubj
22	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 let	nsubj
23	let	let	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 betook	parataxis
24	pass	pass	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	23 let	xcomp
25	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 pass	obj
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 forbidden	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	39 forbidden	cc
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 stags	det
29	stags	stag	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 forbidden	nsubj:pass
30	with	with	ADP	_	33 antlers	case
31	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	33 antlers	nmod:poss
32	spreading	spreading	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 antlers	compound
33	antlers	antler	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 stags	nmod
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 forbidden	punct
35	for	for	SCONJ	_	39 forbidden	mark
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 lord	det
37	lord	lord	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 forbidden	nsubj
38	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	39 forbidden	aux
39	forbidden	forbid	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 let	conj
40	that	that	SCONJ	_	44 slain	mark
41	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	44 slain	nsubj
42	should	should	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	44 slain	aux
43	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	44 slain	cop
44	slain	slain	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 forbidden	advcl
45	,	,	PUNCT	_	48 hinds	punct
46	but	but	CCONJ	_	48 hinds	cc
47	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	48 hinds	det
48	hinds	hind	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 forbidden	obl
49	and	and	CCONJ	_	50 the	cc
50	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	48 hinds	conj
51	does	do	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	50 the	conj
52	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	53 turned	nsubj
53	turned	turn	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	51 does	ccomp
54	back	back	ADV	_	53 turned	advmod
55	,	,	PUNCT	_	57 drave	punct
56	and	and	CCONJ	_	57 drave	cc
57	drave	drave	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	53 turned	conj
58	down	down	ADV	_	57 drave	advmod
59	into	into	ADP	_	61 valleys	case
60	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	61 valleys	det
61	valleys	valley	NOUN	Number=Plur	57 drave	obl
62	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 betook	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	betake	past	trackers = tracker	hunters = hunter		to the heights	tree rules
2	turn back	past	the liers in wait	hunters = hunter		with loud cries	vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
3	let	past	the harts			trackers = tracker nsubj	tree rules
4	pass	infinitive	the harts not said here	hunters = hunter			vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Trajectory
5	forbid	past · perfect · passive		the stags with trackers's spreading antlers		the hinds obl; the lord nsubj	vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme
6	is	should	trackers = tracker			slain property	tree rules
7	do	present					tree rules
8	turn back	past	trackers = tracker				vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
9	drave down	infinitive	trackers = tracker not said here		the valleys	down property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/5/22/

🌲 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 5, sentence 22

The tree

Pragmatics

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 5, sentence 22