Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 5, sentence 73
The lord commanded them all to assemble in the great hall, and the ladies to descend with their maidens, and there, before them all, he bade the men fetch in the spoil of the day’s hunting, and he called unto Gawain, and counted the tale of the beasts, and showed them unto him, and said, “What think ye of this game, Sir Knight?
Who acts: lord, ladies, men, day, beasts · What happens: command, assemble, descend, bade, fetch, call · To what, where: hinds, great hall, spoil, tale, Knight, hunting · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lord, ladies, men, day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 lord | det |
| 2 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 commanded | nsubj |
| 3 | commanded | command | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 commanded | obj |
| 5 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 them | nmod:unmarked |
| 6 | to | to | PART | _ | 7 assemble | mark |
| 7 | assemble | assemble | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 commanded | advcl |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 hall | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 hall | det |
| 10 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 hall | amod |
| 11 | hall | hall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 assemble | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 descend | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 descend | cc |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 ladies | det |
| 15 | ladies | lady | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 descend | nsubj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 descend | mark |
| 17 | descend | descend | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 commanded | parataxis |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 maidens | case |
| 19 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 maidens | nmod:poss |
| 20 | maidens | maiden | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 descend | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 there | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 there | cc |
| 23 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 17 descend | advmod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 them | punct |
| 25 | before | before | ADP | _ | 26 them | case |
| 26 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 descend | conj |
| 27 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 26 them | nmod:unmarked |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 bade | punct |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 bade | nsubj |
| 30 | bade | bade | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 commanded | parataxis |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 men | det |
| 32 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 fetch | nsubj |
| 33 | fetch | fetch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 bade | ccomp |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 spoil | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 spoil | det |
| 36 | spoil | spoil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 fetch | obl |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 41 hunting | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 day | det |
| 39 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 hunting | nmod:poss |
| 40 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 39 day | case |
| 41 | hunting | hunting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 spoil | nmod |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 called | punct |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 called | cc |
| 44 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 called | nsubj |
| 45 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 bade | conj |
| 46 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 47 Gawain | case |
| 47 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 45 called | obl |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 counted | punct |
| 49 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 50 counted | cc |
| 50 | counted | count | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 commanded | parataxis |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 tale | det |
| 52 | tale | tale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 counted | obj |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 55 beasts | case |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 beasts | det |
| 55 | beasts | beast | NOUN | Number=Plur | 52 tale | nmod |
| 56 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 showed | punct |
| 57 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 58 showed | cc |
| 58 | showed | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 50 counted | conj |
| 59 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 showed | obj |
| 60 | unto | unto | ADP | _ | 61 him | case |
| 61 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 showed | obl |
| 62 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 64 said | punct |
| 63 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 64 said | cc |
| 64 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 commanded | parataxis |
| 65 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 68 think | punct |
| 66 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 68 think | punct |
| 67 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 68 think | obj |
| 68 | think | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 64 said | ccomp |
| 69 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 68 think | ccomp |
| 70 | of | of | ADP | _ | 72 game | case |
| 71 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 72 game | det |
| 72 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 69 ye | nmod |
| 73 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 75 Knight | punct |
| 74 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 75 Knight | nmod:desc |
| 75 | Knight | Knight | PROPN | Number=Sing | 68 think | obl |
| 76 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 3 commanded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | command | past | the lord | hinds = hind | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.predicate»: agent=Agent they=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | assemble | to-infinitive | the lord not said here | the great hall | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | descend | to-infinitive | the ladies | there | with hinds's maidens; hinds = hind conj | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 4 | bade | past | lord | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | fetch | present | the men | the spoil of the day's hunting | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 6 | call | past | lord | unto Gawain | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | count | past | the tale of the beasts | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tale=Theme | |||||
| 8 | show | past | hinds = hind | unto lord | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Recipient | ||||
| 9 | say speech: ask | past | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 10 | think speech: other in a quote | present | Knight Sir | What obj; ye of this game ccomp | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot what=Theme | ||||
| 11 | spoil | the day's hunting | nom spoil «possession transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 12 | hunt | the day | nom hunting «act transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 13 | tell | the beasts | nom tale «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/5/73/