Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 5, sentence 85

They laughed and jested together, and sat them down to supper, where they were served with many dainties; and after supper they sat by the hearth, and wine was served out to them; and oft in their jesting they promised to observe on the morrow the same covenant that they had made before, and whatever chance might betide to exchange their spoil, be it much or little, when they met at night.

Who acts: wis, chance · What happens: laugh, jest, sit down, serve, sit, serve out · To what, where: wis, wine, jesting, same covenant, morrow, spoil

This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wis, chance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	They	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	2 laughed	nsubj
2	laughed	laugh	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	and	and	CCONJ	_	4 jested	cc
4	jested	jest	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 laughed	conj
5	together	together	ADV	_	4 jested	advmod
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 sat	punct
7	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 sat	cc
8	sat	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 laughed	conj
9	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	8 sat	obj
10	down	down	ADP	_	8 sat	compound:prt
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 supper	case
12	supper	supper	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 sat	obl
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	17 served	punct
14	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	17 served	advmod
15	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 served	nsubj:pass
16	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	17 served	aux:pass
17	served	serve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	12 supper	acl:relcl
18	with	with	ADP	_	20 dainties	case
19	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 dainties	amod
20	dainties	dainty	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 served	obl
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 sat	punct
22	and	and	CCONJ	_	26 sat	cc
23	after	after	ADP	_	24 supper	case
24	supper	supper	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 sat	obl
25	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	26 sat	nsubj
26	sat	sit	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 laughed	parataxis
27	by	by	ADP	_	29 hearth	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 hearth	det
29	hearth	hearth	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 sat	obl
30	,	,	PUNCT	_	34 served	punct
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 served	cc
32	wine	wine	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 served	nsubj:pass
33	was	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	34 served	aux:pass
34	served	serve	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 sat	conj
35	out	out	ADP	_	34 served	compound:prt
36	to	to	ADP	_	37 them	case
37	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	34 served	obl
38	;	;	PUNCT	_	40 oft	punct
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	40 oft	cc
40	oft	oft	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 laughed	parataxis
41	in	in	ADP	_	43 jesting	case
42	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	43 jesting	nmod:poss
43	jesting	jesting	NOUN	Number=Sing	40 oft	obl
44	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	45 promised	nsubj
45	promised	promise	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	43 jesting	acl:relcl
46	to	to	PART	_	47 observe	mark
47	observe	observe	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	45 promised	xcomp
48	on	on	ADP	_	50 morrow	case
49	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	50 morrow	det
50	morrow	morrow	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 observe	obl
51	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	53 covenant	det
52	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	53 covenant	amod
53	covenant	covenant	NOUN	Number=Sing	47 observe	obj
54	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	57 made	obl
55	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	57 made	nsubj
56	had	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	57 made	aux
57	made	make	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	53 covenant	acl:relcl
58	before	before	ADV	_	57 made	advmod
59	,	,	PUNCT	_	64 betide	punct
60	and	and	CCONJ	_	64 betide	cc
61	whatever	whatever	DET	PronType=Int	62 chance	det
62	chance	chance	NOUN	Number=Sing	64 betide	nsubj
63	might	might	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	64 betide	aux
64	betide	betide	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 laughed	conj
65	to	to	PART	_	66 exchange	mark
66	exchange	exchange	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	64 betide	xcomp
67	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	68 spoil	nmod:poss
68	spoil	spoil	NOUN	Number=Sing	66 exchange	obj
69	,	,	PUNCT	_	70 be	punct
70	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	72 much	cop
71	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	70 be	obj
72	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	64 betide	ccomp
73	or	or	CCONJ	_	74 little	cc
74	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	72 much	conj
75	,	,	PUNCT	_	78 met	punct
76	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	78 met	advmod
77	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	78 met	nsubj
78	met	meet	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 laughed	conj
79	at	at	ADP	_	80 night	case
80	night	night	NOUN	Number=Sing	78 met	obl
81	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 laughed	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	to whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	laugh	past	wis = wi						vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	jest speech: other	past	wis = wi not said here					together property	vn chit_chat-37.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	sit down	past	wis = wi not said here	wis = wi				to supper	tree rules
4	serve	past · passive		wis = wi				with many dainties	vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: subject=Recipient with dainty=Theme
5	sit	past	wis = wi				after supper	by the hearth	vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by hearth=Location
6	serve out	past · passive		wine	wis = wi				vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to they=Recipient
7	promise speech: promise	past	wis = wi	wis's jesting not said here					vn promise-37.13 «NP V NP that S»: agent=Agent jesting=Recipient clause=Topic
8	observe not said to happen	to-infinitive	wis = wi not said here	the same covenant		the morrow			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent covenant=Topic
9	make	past · perfect	wis = wi	the same covenant				before property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset
10	betide	might	whatever chance						tree rules
11	exchange	to-infinitive	whatever chance not said here	wis's spoil					vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spoil=Theme
12	is	infinitive	whatever chance not said here					much property	tree rules
13	be		whatever chance not said here						tree rules
14	meet	past	wis = wi				night		vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
15	spoil		wis = wi						nom spoil «possession transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/5/85/

🌲 Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 5, sentence 85

The tree

Pragmatics

Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 5, sentence 85