Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 5, sentence 95
And as they beat the bushes, suddenly over the beaters there rushed forth a wondrous great and fierce boar, long since had he left the herd to roam by himself.
Who acts: beasts, beaters, knight · What happens: beat, rush, have, leave, roam · To what, where: bushes, wondrous great boar, herd
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 5. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beasts, beaters, knight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 rushed | cc |
| 2 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 beat | mark |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 beat | nsubj |
| 4 | beat | beat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 rushed | advcl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 bushes | det |
| 6 | bushes | bush | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 beat | obj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 beat | punct |
| 8 | suddenly | suddenly | ADV | _ | 11 beaters | advmod |
| 9 | over | over | ADP | _ | 11 beaters | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 beaters | det |
| 11 | beaters | beater | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 rushed | nsubj |
| 12 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 13 rushed | advmod |
| 13 | rushed | rush | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 13 rushed | advmod |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 boar | det |
| 16 | wondrous | wondrous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 boar | amod |
| 17 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 boar | amod |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 fierce | cc |
| 19 | fierce | fierce | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 great | conj |
| 20 | boar | boar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 rushed | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 long | punct |
| 22 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 boar | amod |
| 23 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 24 had | mark |
| 24 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 long | advcl |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 left | nsubj |
| 26 | left | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 had | ccomp |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 herd | det |
| 28 | herd | herd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 left | obj |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 roam | mark |
| 30 | roam | roam | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 herd | acl |
| 31 | by | by | ADP | _ | 32 himself | case |
| 32 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 30 roam | obl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 rushed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | beat | present | beasts = beast | the bushes | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location bush=Theme | ||||
| 2 | rush | past | the beaters | a wondrous great boar | there | forth property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||
| 3 | have | past | the beaters not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | leave | past | knight | the herd | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herd=Theme | ||||
| 5 | roam | to-infinitive | knight not said here | the herd not said here | by knight | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by himself=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/5/95/