Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 6, sentence 25
But the lord of the castle rode ever over the land chasing the wild boar, that fled through the thickets, slaying the best of his hounds and breaking their backs in sunder; till at last he was so weary he might run no longer, but made for a hole in a mound by a rock.
Who acts: land, lord · What happens: chase, flee, slay, break, be, run · To what, where: wild boar, thickets, best, backs
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (land, lord), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 18 fled | cc |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 lord | det |
| 3 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 fled | nsubj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 rode | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 rode | det |
| 6 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 rode | compound |
| 7 | rode | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lord | nmod |
| 8 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 11 land | advmod |
| 9 | over | over | ADP | _ | 11 land | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 land | det |
| 11 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 rode | nmod |
| 12 | chasing | chase | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 land | acl |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 boar | det |
| 14 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 boar | amod |
| 15 | boar | boar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 chasing | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 fled | punct |
| 17 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 18 fled | nsubj |
| 18 | fled | flee | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 19 | through | through | ADP | _ | 21 thickets | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 thickets | det |
| 21 | thickets | thicket | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 fled | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 slaying | punct |
| 23 | slaying | slay | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 18 fled | advcl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 best | det |
| 25 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 23 slaying | obj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 hounds | case |
| 27 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 hounds | nmod:poss |
| 28 | hounds | hound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 best | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 breaking | cc |
| 30 | breaking | break | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 23 slaying | conj |
| 31 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 backs | nmod:poss |
| 32 | backs | back | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 breaking | obj |
| 33 | in | in | ADV | _ | 30 breaking | advmod |
| 34 | sunder | sunder | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 in | cop |
| 35 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 42 weary | punct |
| 36 | till | till | ADP | _ | 38 last | case |
| 37 | at | at | ADP | _ | 38 last | case |
| 38 | last | last | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 weary | obl |
| 39 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 weary | nsubj |
| 40 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 42 weary | cop |
| 41 | so | so | ADV | _ | 42 weary | advmod |
| 42 | weary | weary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 fled | conj |
| 43 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 run | nsubj |
| 44 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 45 run | aux |
| 45 | run | run | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 42 weary | parataxis |
| 46 | no | no | ADV | _ | 47 longer | advmod |
| 47 | longer | long | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 45 run | advmod |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 made | punct |
| 49 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 50 made | cc |
| 50 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 fled | conj |
| 51 | for | for | ADP | _ | 53 hole | case |
| 52 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 53 hole | det |
| 53 | hole | hole | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 made | obl |
| 54 | in | in | ADP | _ | 56 mound | case |
| 55 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 56 mound | det |
| 56 | mound | mound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 hole | nmod |
| 57 | by | by | ADP | _ | 59 rock | case |
| 58 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 59 rock | det |
| 59 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 made | obl |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 18 fled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | chase | gerund | the land not said here | the wild boar | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boar=Theme | ||||
| 2 | flee | past | the lord of the castle rode over the land | the thickets | that nsubj | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme through thicket=Initial_Location | |||
| 3 | slay | gerund | the lord of the castle rode over the land not said here | the best of lord's hounds | vn murder-42.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent good=Patient | ||||
| 4 | break | gerund | the lord of the castle rode over the land not said here | hounds's backs | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer back=Patient | ||||
| 5 | is | present | in property | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | is | past | lord | till last | weary property | tree rules | |||
| 7 | run | might | lord | long property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 8 | make | participle | the lord of the castle rode over the land not said here | for a hole in a mound; by a rock | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent for hole=Asset |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/6/25/