Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 6, sentence 7
“I’ faith,” quoth the lady merrily, “ye may not be forbid, ye are strong enough to constrain by strength an ye will, were any so discourteous as to give ye denial.”
Who acts: Gawain, I, ye, any · What happens: ', quoth, not be, be, constrain, give · To what, where: faith, lady, denial, ye
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gawain, I, ye, any), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 ’ | punct |
| 2 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 ’ | nsubj |
| 3 | ’ | ' | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 discourteous | parataxis |
| 4 | faith | faith | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 ’ | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 ’ | punct |
| 6 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 ’ | punct |
| 7 | quoth | quoth | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 ’ | conj |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 lady | det |
| 9 | lady | lady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 quoth | obj |
| 10 | merrily | merrily | ADV | _ | 7 quoth | advmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 forbid | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 forbid | punct |
| 13 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 17 forbid | nsubj |
| 14 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 forbid | aux |
| 15 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 forbid | advmod |
| 16 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 17 forbid | cop |
| 17 | forbid | forbid | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 3 ’ | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 strong | punct |
| 19 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 21 strong | nsubj |
| 20 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 strong | cop |
| 21 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 ’ | conj |
| 22 | enough | enough | ADV | _ | 21 strong | advmod |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 constrain | mark |
| 24 | constrain | constrain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 strong | advcl |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 26 strength | case |
| 26 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 constrain | obl |
| 27 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 will | det |
| 28 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 29 will | nsubj |
| 29 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 26 strength | acl:relcl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 ’ | punct |
| 31 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 discourteous | cop |
| 32 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 34 discourteous | nsubj |
| 33 | so | so | ADV | _ | 34 discourteous | advmod |
| 34 | discourteous | discourteous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 35 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 37 give | mark |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 give | mark |
| 37 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 34 discourteous | advcl |
| 38 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 37 give | iobj |
| 39 | denial | denial | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 give | obj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 34 discourteous | punct |
| 41 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 34 discourteous | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ' in a quote | present | Gawain Sir = gawain | faith | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | quoth | present | I not said here | the lady | merrily property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | not is in a quote | may | ye | forbid property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is in a quote | present | ye | enough, strong property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | constrain in a quote | to-infinitive | ye not said here | by strength | vn limit-76 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer | ||||
| 6 | is in a quote | past | any | discourteous property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | give in a quote | to-infinitive | any not said here | denial | ye | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent ye=Recipient denial=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/6/7/