Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 6, sentence 82
“Now, I wis,” quoth the knight, “I would that I had here but the least thing that I possess on earth that I might leave ye as love-token, great or small, for ye have deserved forsooth more reward than I might give ye.
Who acts: knight, wis, earth · What happens: wi, quoth, have, possess, leave, deserve · To what, where: knight, that, least thing, earth, ye, more reward · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (knight, wis, earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 quoth | punct |
| 2 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 wis | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Now | punct |
| 4 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 5 wis | nsubj |
| 5 | wis | wi | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 quoth | nsubj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 wis | punct |
| 7 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 wis | punct |
| 8 | quoth | quoth | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 knight | det |
| 10 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 quoth | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 would | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 would | punct |
| 13 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 14 would | nsubj |
| 14 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 8 quoth | advcl |
| 15 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 had | obj |
| 16 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 17 had | nsubj |
| 17 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 would | ccomp |
| 18 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 17 had | advmod |
| 19 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 thing | cc |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 thing | det |
| 21 | least | least | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 22 thing | amod |
| 22 | thing | thing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 had | conj |
| 23 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 possess | obj |
| 24 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 25 possess | nsubj |
| 25 | possess | possess | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 thing | acl:relcl |
| 26 | on | on | ADP | _ | 27 earth | case |
| 27 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 possess | obl |
| 28 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 31 leave | nsubj |
| 29 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 31 leave | nsubj |
| 30 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 31 leave | aux |
| 31 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 earth | acl:relcl |
| 32 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 31 leave | obj |
| 33 | as | as | ADP | _ | 36 token | case |
| 34 | love | love | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 token | compound |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 34 love | punct |
| 36 | token | token | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 leave | obl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 great | punct |
| 38 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 token | amod |
| 39 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 40 small | cc |
| 40 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 great | conj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 deserved | punct |
| 42 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 45 deserved | mark |
| 43 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 45 deserved | nsubj:pass |
| 44 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 45 deserved | aux |
| 45 | deserved | deserve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 possess | conj |
| 46 | forsooth | forsooth | ADV | _ | 47 more | advmod |
| 47 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 48 reward | amod |
| 48 | reward | reward | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 deserved | obj |
| 49 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 52 give | mark |
| 50 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 52 give | nsubj |
| 51 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 52 give | aux |
| 52 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 48 reward | acl:relcl |
| 53 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 52 give | iobj |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 quoth | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wi in a quote | the knight = knight | now | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | quoth | present | wis | the knight | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | have in a quote | past | the knight = knight | that | here | the least thing conj | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient | ||
| 4 | possess in a quote | present | the knight = knight | the least thing | earth | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot that=Theme | |||
| 5 | leave in a quote | might | earth | ye | as love token; I nsubj | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ye=Theme | |||
| 6 | deserve in a quote | present · perfect · passive | ye | more reward obj | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | give in a quote | might | the knight = knight | more reward not said here | ye | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ye=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/6/82/