Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 7, sentence 16
They rewarded the hounds, stroking them and rubbing their heads, and took Reynard and stripped him of his coat; then blowing their horns, they turned them homewards, for it was nigh nightfall.
Who acts: others, head · What happens: reward, stroke, rub, take, strip, blow · To what, where: hounds, heads, Reynard, horns
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (others, head), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 rewarded | nsubj |
| 2 | rewarded | reward | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 hounds | det |
| 4 | hounds | hound | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 rewarded | obj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 stroking | punct |
| 6 | stroking | stroke | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 rewarded | advcl |
| 7 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 stroking | obj |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 rubbing | cc |
| 9 | rubbing | rub | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 stroking | conj |
| 10 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 heads | nmod:poss |
| 11 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 rubbing | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 took | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 took | cc |
| 14 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 rewarded | parataxis |
| 15 | Reynard | Reynard | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 took | obj |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 stripped | cc |
| 17 | stripped | strip | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 took | conj |
| 18 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 stripped | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 coat | case |
| 20 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 coat | nmod:poss |
| 21 | coat | coat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 stripped | obl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 blowing | punct |
| 23 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 blowing | advmod |
| 24 | blowing | blow | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 rewarded | advcl |
| 25 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 horns | nmod:poss |
| 26 | horns | horn | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 blowing | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 turned | punct |
| 28 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 turned | nsubj |
| 29 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 rewarded | conj |
| 30 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 turned | obj |
| 31 | homewards | homeward | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 turned | obj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 nightfall | punct |
| 33 | for | for | ADP | _ | 37 nightfall | case |
| 34 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 nightfall | nsubj |
| 35 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 nightfall | cop |
| 36 | nigh | nigh | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 nightfall | amod |
| 37 | nightfall | nightfall | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 turned | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 rewarded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | reward | past | others = other | the hounds | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent hound=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | stroke | gerund | others = other not said here | hounds = hound | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | rub | gerund | others = other not said here | others's heads | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent head=Theme | ||||
| 4 | take | past | Reynard | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument reynard=Destination | |||||
| 5 | strip | past | Reynard | of Reynard's coat | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent he=Theme of coat=Initial_Location | ||||
| 6 | blow | gerund | others = other not said here | others's horns | then | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent horn=Patient | |||
| 7 | turn | past | others = other | hounds = hound | homewards obj | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP ADJ.result»: agent=Agent they=Theme homeward=Result | |||
| 8 | is | past | head | for nigh nightfall | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/16/