Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 7, sentence 18
The lord was gladsome at his return, and found a bright fire on the hearth, and the knight beside it, the good Sir Gawain, who was in joyous mood for the pleasure he had had with the ladies.
Who acts: lord, knight, Sir · What happens: be, find, have, return · To what, where: return, bright fire, hearth, joyous mood, pleasure
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lord, knight, Sir), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 lord | det |
| 2 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gladsome | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gladsome | cop |
| 4 | gladsome | gladsome | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 return | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 return | nmod:poss |
| 7 | return | return | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gladsome | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 found | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 found | cc |
| 10 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 gladsome | parataxis |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 fire | det |
| 12 | bright | bright | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 fire | amod |
| 13 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 found | obj |
| 14 | on | on | ADP | _ | 16 hearth | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 hearth | det |
| 16 | hearth | hearth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 found | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 knight | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 knight | cc |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 knight | det |
| 20 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gladsome | parataxis |
| 21 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 22 it | case |
| 22 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 knight | nmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 Sir | punct |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Sir | det |
| 25 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 Sir | amod |
| 26 | Sir | Sir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 knight | conj |
| 27 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 Sir | flat |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 mood | punct |
| 29 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 mood | nsubj |
| 30 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 mood | cop |
| 31 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 mood | case |
| 32 | joyous | joyous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 mood | amod |
| 33 | mood | mood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 knight | conj |
| 34 | for | for | ADP | _ | 36 pleasure | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 pleasure | det |
| 36 | pleasure | pleasure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 mood | nmod |
| 37 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 had | nsubj |
| 38 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 had | aux |
| 39 | had | have | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 36 pleasure | acl:relcl |
| 40 | with | with | ADP | _ | 42 ladies | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 ladies | det |
| 42 | ladies | lady | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 had | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 gladsome | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the lord | lord's return | the knight beside hearth and the good Sir and joyous mood parataxis; gladsome property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | find | past | a bright fire | the hearth | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fire=Topic | ||||
| 3 | is | past | the knight beside hearth and the good Sir and joyous mood | joyous mood | for the pleasure | tree rules | |||
| 4 | have | past · perfect | Sir | the pleasure not said here | with the ladies | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pleasure=Patient | |||
| 5 | return | lord | nom return «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/18/