Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 7, sentence 2
“Now,” said the lady, “ye refuse this silk, for it is simple in itself, and so it seems, indeed; lo, it is small to look upon and less in cost, but whoso knew the virtue that is knit therein he would, peradventure, value it more highly.
Who acts: lady, ye, silk, it, whoso, virtue · What happens: say, refuse, be, seem, look, know · To what, where: silk, cost, virtue · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lady, ye, silk, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 2 | Now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 said | advmod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Now | punct |
| 4 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
| 5 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 lady | det |
| 7 | lady | lady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 said | obj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 refuse | punct |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 11 refuse | punct |
| 10 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 11 refuse | nsubj |
| 11 | refuse | refuse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 said | ccomp |
| 12 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 13 silk | det |
| 13 | silk | silk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 refuse | obj |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 simple | punct |
| 15 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 18 simple | mark |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 simple | nsubj |
| 17 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 simple | cop |
| 18 | simple | simple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 refuse | conj |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 itself | case |
| 20 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 18 simple | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 seems | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 seems | cc |
| 23 | so | so | ADV | _ | 25 seems | advmod |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 seems | nsubj |
| 25 | seems | seem | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 refuse | conj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 indeed | punct |
| 27 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 25 seems | advmod |
| 28 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 small | punct |
| 29 | lo | lo | INTJ | _ | 33 small | discourse |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 lo | punct |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 small | nsubj |
| 32 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 small | cop |
| 33 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 refuse | conj |
| 34 | to | to | PART | _ | 35 look | mark |
| 35 | look | look | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 small | advcl |
| 36 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 35 look | obl |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 less | cc |
| 38 | less | less | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 33 small | advmod |
| 39 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 cost | case |
| 40 | cost | cost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 small | obl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 knew | punct |
| 42 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 44 knew | cc |
| 43 | whoso | whoso | PRON | PronType=Rel | 44 knew | nsubj |
| 44 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 said | conj |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 virtue | det |
| 46 | virtue | virtue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 knew | obj |
| 47 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 49 knit | nsubj |
| 48 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 49 knit | cop |
| 49 | knit | knit | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 46 virtue | acl:relcl |
| 50 | therein | therein | ADV | _ | 52 would | advmod |
| 51 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 52 would | nsubj |
| 52 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 49 knit | advcl |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 would | punct |
| 54 | peradventure | peradventure | ADV | _ | 52 would | advmod |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 value | punct |
| 56 | value | value | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 49 knit | conj |
| 57 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 56 value | obj |
| 58 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 59 highly | advmod |
| 59 | highly | highly | ADV | _ | 56 value | advmod |
| 60 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | past | the lady | now | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | refuse in a quote | present | ye | this silk | vn reject-77.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent silk=Theme | ||||
| 3 | is in a quote | present | silk | in silk; simple property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | seem in a quote | present | it | indeed property | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is in a quote | present | silk | cost | less, small property | tree rules | |||
| 6 | look in a quote | to-infinitive | silk not said here | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | |||||
| 7 | know in a quote | past | whoso | the virtue | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer virtue=Stimulus | ||||
| 8 | is in a quote | present | the virtue | knit property | tree rules | ||||
| 9 | value in a quote | infinitive | the virtue not said here | virtue | highly property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/2/