Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 7, sentence 53
The girdle of green silk set gaily and well upon the royal red cloth, rich to behold, but the knight ware it not for pride of the pendants, polished though they were, with fair gold that gleamed brightly on the ends, but to save himself from sword and knife, when it behoved him to abide his hurt without question.
Who acts: girdle, pendants, fair gold, gift · What happens: set, not ware, polish, be, gleam, save · To what, where: girdle, royal red cloth, gift, pendants, ends, knight
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (girdle, pendants, fair gold, gift), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 girdle | det |
| 2 | girdle | girdle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 ware | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 silk | case |
| 4 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 silk | amod |
| 5 | silk | silk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 girdle | nmod |
| 6 | set | set | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 girdle | acl |
| 7 | gaily | gaily | ADV | _ | 6 set | advmod |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 well | cc |
| 9 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 7 gaily | conj |
| 10 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 14 cloth | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 cloth | det |
| 12 | royal | royal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 cloth | amod |
| 13 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 cloth | amod |
| 14 | cloth | cloth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 set | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 rich | punct |
| 16 | rich | rich | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 cloth | amod |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 behold | case |
| 18 | behold | behold | INTJ | _ | 16 rich | discourse |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 ware | punct |
| 20 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 23 ware | cc |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 knight | det |
| 22 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 ware | nsubj |
| 23 | ware | ware | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 ware | obj |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 23 ware | advmod |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 27 pride | case |
| 27 | pride | pride | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 ware | obj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 30 pendants | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 pendants | det |
| 30 | pendants | pendant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 pride | nmod |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 polished | punct |
| 32 | polished | polish | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 pendants | acl |
| 33 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 39 gold | mark |
| 34 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 gold | nsubj |
| 35 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 gold | cop |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 gold | punct |
| 37 | with | with | ADP | _ | 39 gold | case |
| 38 | fair | fair | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 gold | amod |
| 39 | gold | gold | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 polished | advcl |
| 40 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 41 gleamed | nsubj |
| 41 | gleamed | gleam | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 gold | acl:relcl |
| 42 | brightly | brightly | ADV | _ | 41 gleamed | advmod |
| 43 | on | on | ADP | _ | 45 ends | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 ends | det |
| 45 | ends | end | NOUN | Number=Plur | 41 gleamed | obl |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 save | punct |
| 47 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 49 save | cc |
| 48 | to | to | PART | _ | 49 save | mark |
| 49 | save | save | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 ware | conj |
| 50 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 49 save | obj |
| 51 | from | from | ADP | _ | 52 sword | case |
| 52 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 save | obl |
| 53 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 54 knife | cc |
| 54 | knife | knife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 sword | conj |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 behoved | punct |
| 56 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 58 behoved | advmod |
| 57 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 behoved | nsubj |
| 58 | behoved | behove | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 49 save | advcl |
| 59 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 behoved | obj |
| 60 | to | to | PART | _ | 61 abide | mark |
| 61 | abide | abide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 58 behoved | xcomp |
| 62 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 63 hurt | nmod:poss |
| 63 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 61 abide | xcomp |
| 64 | without | without | ADP | _ | 65 question | case |
| 65 | question | question | NOUN | Number=Sing | 63 hurt | obl |
| 66 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 23 ware | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | set | participle | the girdle of green silk not said here | the royal red cloth | gaily property | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent upon cloth=Destination | |||
| 2 | not ware | infinitive | the girdle of green silk | gift | the knight nsubj; pride of the pendants obj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | polish | participle | the pendants not said here | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is | past | pendants = pendant | with fair gold | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | gleam | past | fair gold | on the ends | brightly property | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on end=Location | |||
| 6 | save | to-infinitive | the girdle of green silk not said here | knight | sword and knife | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent himself=Theme from sword=Source | |||
| 7 | behove | past | gift | knight | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | abide | to-infinitive | gift not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | hurt | participle | gift not said here | without question; knight nmod:poss | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 10 | pride | the pendants | nom pride «feeling transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/53/