Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 7, sentence 63
Then the drawbridge was let down, and the broad gates unbarred and opened on both sides; the knight crossed himself, and passed through the gateway, and praised the porter, who knelt before the prince, and gave him good-day, and commended him to God.
Who acts: broad gates, knight, porter · What happens: let down, unbar, open, cross, pass, praise · To what, where: drawbridge, sides, knight, gateway, porter, God
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (broad gates, knight, porter), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 let | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 drawbridge | det |
| 3 | drawbridge | drawbridge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 let | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 let | aux:pass |
| 5 | let | let | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | down | down | ADP | _ | 5 let | compound:prt |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 unbarred | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 unbarred | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 gates | det |
| 10 | broad | broad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 gates | amod |
| 11 | gates | gate | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 unbarred | nsubj |
| 12 | unbarred | unbar | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 let | conj |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 opened | cc |
| 14 | opened | open | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 unbarred | conj |
| 15 | on | on | ADP | _ | 17 sides | case |
| 16 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 17 sides | det |
| 17 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 opened | obl |
| 18 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 crossed | punct |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 knight | det |
| 20 | knight | knight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 crossed | nsubj |
| 21 | crossed | cross | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 let | conj |
| 22 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 21 crossed | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 passed | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 passed | cc |
| 25 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 crossed | advcl |
| 26 | through | through | ADP | _ | 28 gateway | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 gateway | det |
| 28 | gateway | gateway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 passed | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 praised | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 praised | cc |
| 31 | praised | praise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 passed | conj |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 porter | det |
| 33 | porter | porter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 praised | obj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 knelt | punct |
| 35 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 knelt | nsubj |
| 36 | knelt | kneel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 porter | acl:relcl |
| 37 | before | before | ADP | _ | 39 prince | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 prince | det |
| 39 | prince | prince | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 knelt | obl |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 gave | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 gave | cc |
| 42 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 praised | conj |
| 43 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 gave | iobj |
| 44 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 day | amod |
| 45 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 44 good | punct |
| 46 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 gave | obl:unmarked |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 commended | punct |
| 48 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 commended | cc |
| 49 | commended | commend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 praised | conj |
| 50 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 commended | obj |
| 51 | to | to | ADP | _ | 52 God | case |
| 52 | God | God | PROPN | Number=Sing | 49 commended | obl |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 let | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | let down | past · passive | the drawbridge | then | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | unbar | participle | the broad gates | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | open | participle | the broad gates not said here | both sides | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on side=Location | ||||
| 4 | cross | past | the knight | knight | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient | ||||
| 5 | pass | participle | the knight not said here | the gateway | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through gateway=Location | ||||
| 6 | praise | past | the knight not said here | the porter | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent porter=Theme | ||||
| 7 | kneel | past | the porter | before the prince | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent before prince=Location | ||||
| 8 | give | past | the knight not said here | knight | day | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme | |||
| 9 | commend | past | the knight not said here | knight | God | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/63/