Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 7, sentence 69
Then were they on a high hill; the snow lay white beside them, and the man who rode with Gawain drew rein by his master.
Who acts: woods, snow, man · What happens: be, lie, ride, draw · To what, where: high hill, rein
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woods, snow, man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 were | advmod |
| 2 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 were | nsubj |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 7 hill | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 hill | det |
| 6 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 hill | amod |
| 7 | hill | hill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 were | obl |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 lay | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 snow | det |
| 10 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 lay | nsubj |
| 11 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 were | parataxis |
| 12 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 lay | xcomp |
| 13 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 14 them | case |
| 14 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 white | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 drew | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 drew | cc |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 man | det |
| 18 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 drew | nsubj |
| 19 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 rode | nsubj |
| 20 | rode | ride | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 man | acl:relcl |
| 21 | with | with | ADP | _ | 22 Gawain | case |
| 22 | Gawain | Gawain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 rode | obl |
| 23 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 lay | conj |
| 24 | rein | rein | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 drew | obj |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 master | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 master | nmod:poss |
| 27 | master | master | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 drew | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 were | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | woods = wood | a high hill | then | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on hill=Location | |||
| 2 | lie | past | the snow | white property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | ride | past | the man | with Gawain | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | draw | past | the man | rein | by man's master | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rein=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/7/69/