Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 8, sentence 21
Yet for a while the noise of whetting went on ere he appeared, and then he came forth from a cave in the crag with a fell weapon, a Danish axe newly dight, wherewith to deal the blow.
Who acts: noise, Danish axe · What happens: whet, go, appear, come, fall, dight · To what, where: ere, cave, weapon, blow
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (noise, Danish axe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 9 went | cc |
| 2 | for | for | ADP | _ | 4 while | case |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 while | det |
| 4 | while | while | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 went | obl |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 noise | det |
| 6 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 went | nsubj |
| 7 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 8 whetting | mark |
| 8 | whetting | whet | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 6 noise | acl |
| 9 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 10 | on | on | ADP | _ | 11 ere | case |
| 11 | ere | ere | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 went | obl |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 appeared | nsubj |
| 13 | appeared | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 ere | acl:relcl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 came | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 came | cc |
| 16 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 18 came | advmod |
| 17 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 came | nsubj |
| 18 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 went | conj |
| 19 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 18 came | advmod |
| 20 | from | from | ADP | _ | 22 cave | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 cave | det |
| 22 | cave | cave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 came | obl |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 crag | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 crag | det |
| 25 | crag | crag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 cave | nmod |
| 26 | with | with | SCONJ | _ | 28 fell | mark |
| 27 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 28 fell | det |
| 28 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 came | advcl |
| 29 | weapon | weapon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 fell | obj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 axe | punct |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 axe | det |
| 32 | Danish | danish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 axe | amod |
| 33 | axe | axe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 weapon | appos |
| 34 | newly | newly | ADV | _ | 35 dight | advmod |
| 35 | dight | dight | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 33 axe | acl:relcl |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 deal | punct |
| 37 | wherewith | wherewith | ADV | PronType=Int | 39 deal | advmod |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 deal | mark |
| 39 | deal | deal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 fell | conj |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 blow | det |
| 41 | blow | blow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 deal | obj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 went | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | whet | gerund | the noise not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | go | past | the noise | ere | while | vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on ere=Location | |||
| 3 | appear | past | noise | ere not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location ere=Theme | ||||
| 4 | come | past | noise | a cave in the crag | then | forth property | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from cave=Initial_Location | ||
| 5 | fall | past | noise not said here | weapon | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient weapon=Result | ||||
| 6 | dight | present | a Danish axe not said here | newly property | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | deal | to-infinitive | noise not said here | the blow | wherewith property | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blow=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/21/