Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 8, sentence 81
Then the other stood a great while still, sorely angered and vexed within himself; all the blood flew to his face, and he shrank for shame as the Green Knight spake; and the first words he said were, “Cursed be ye, cowardice and covetousness, for in ye is the destruction of virtue.”
Who acts: other, blood, Sir, ye · What happens: stand, anger, vex, fly, shrink, say · To what, where: first words, ye · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 8. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (other, blood, Sir, ye), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 stood | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 other | det |
| 3 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 stood | nsubj |
| 4 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 while | det |
| 6 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 while | amod |
| 7 | while | while | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 stood | obj |
| 8 | still | still | ADV | _ | 4 stood | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 angered | punct |
| 10 | sorely | sorely | ADV | _ | 11 angered | advmod |
| 11 | angered | anger | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 stood | parataxis |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 vexed | cc |
| 13 | vexed | vex | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 angered | conj |
| 14 | within | within | ADP | _ | 15 himself | case |
| 15 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 13 vexed | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 flew | punct |
| 17 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 19 blood | det:predet |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 blood | det |
| 19 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 flew | nsubj |
| 20 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 stood | conj |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 face | case |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 face | nmod:poss |
| 23 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 flew | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 shrank | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 shrank | cc |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 shrank | nsubj |
| 27 | shrank | shrink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 stood | conj |
| 28 | for | for | ADP | _ | 29 shame | case |
| 29 | shame | shame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 shrank | obl |
| 30 | as | as | ADP | _ | 34 spake | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 spake | det |
| 32 | Green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 spake | amod |
| 33 | Knight | Knight | PROPN | Number=Sing | 34 spake | compound |
| 34 | spake | speak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 shrank | obl |
| 35 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 45 Cursed | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 Cursed | cc |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 words | det |
| 38 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 39 words | amod |
| 39 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 45 Cursed | nsubj:pass |
| 40 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 said | nsubj |
| 41 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 words | acl:relcl |
| 42 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 Cursed | aux |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 Cursed | punct |
| 44 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 45 Cursed | punct |
| 45 | Cursed | curse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 stood | conj |
| 46 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 47 ye | cop |
| 47 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 45 Cursed | obl |
| 48 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 49 cowardice | punct |
| 49 | cowardice | cowardice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 Cursed | obl |
| 50 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 51 covetousness | cc |
| 51 | covetousness | covetousness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 cowardice | conj |
| 52 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 destruction | punct |
| 53 | for | for | ADP | _ | 58 destruction | case |
| 54 | in | in | ADP | _ | 58 destruction | case |
| 55 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 58 destruction | nsubj |
| 56 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 58 destruction | cop |
| 57 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 58 destruction | det |
| 58 | destruction | destruction | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 Cursed | obl |
| 59 | of | of | ADP | _ | 60 virtue | case |
| 60 | virtue | virtue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 destruction | nmod |
| 61 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 stood | punct |
| 62 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | past | the other | then; still; while | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | anger | participle | sorely property | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | vex | participle | within Sir | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | fly | past | all blood | to Sir's face result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to face=Result | ||||
| 5 | shrink | past | Sir | for shame; as the Green Knight spake | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 6 | say speech: assert | past | Sir | the first words not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent word=Topic | ||||
| 7 | curse in a quote | past · passive | the first words | cowardice and covetousness obl | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | ||||
| 8 | is a in a quote | infinitive | ye | tree rules | |||||
| 9 | is in a quote | present | ye | for the destruction; of virtue | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/8/81/