Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose, Opening, part 9, sentence 81
In a later version of our story, a poem, written in ballad form, and contained in the “Percy” MS., Morgain does not appear; her place is taken by an old witch, mother to the lady, but the enchantment is still due to her spells.
Who acts: Morgain, old witch, enchantment · What happens: write, contain, not appear, take, be · To what, where: poem, ballad form, Percy, place
This is a sentence of «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Morgain, old witch, enchantment), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 4 version | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 version | det |
| 3 | later | late | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 4 version | amod |
| 4 | version | version | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 poem | obl |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 story | case |
| 6 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 story | nmod:poss |
| 7 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 version | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 poem | punct |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 poem | det |
| 10 | poem | poem | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 written | punct |
| 12 | written | write | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 poem | acl |
| 13 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 form | case |
| 14 | ballad | ballad | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 form | compound |
| 15 | form | form | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 written | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 contained | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 contained | cc |
| 18 | contained | contain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 poem | parataxis |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 22 Percy | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 Percy | det |
| 21 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 Percy | punct |
| 22 | Percy | Percy | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 contained | obl |
| 23 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 Percy | punct |
| 24 | MS. | MS. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Percy | flat |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 appear | punct |
| 26 | Morgain | Morgain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 appear | nsubj |
| 27 | does | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 29 appear | aux |
| 28 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 29 appear | advmod |
| 29 | appear | appear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 Percy | parataxis |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 34 taken | punct |
| 31 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 place | nmod:poss |
| 32 | place | place | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 taken | nsubj |
| 33 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 taken | aux:pass |
| 34 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 18 contained | conj |
| 35 | by | by | ADP | _ | 38 witch | case |
| 36 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 witch | det |
| 37 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 witch | amod |
| 38 | witch | witch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 taken | obl |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 mother | punct |
| 40 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 witch | conj |
| 41 | to | to | ADP | _ | 43 lady | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 lady | det |
| 43 | lady | lady | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 mother | nmod |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 53 spells | punct |
| 45 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 53 spells | cc |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 enchantment | det |
| 47 | enchantment | enchantment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 spells | nsubj |
| 48 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 53 spells | cop |
| 49 | still | still | ADV | _ | 53 spells | advmod |
| 50 | due | due | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 53 spells | case |
| 51 | to | to | ADP | _ | 50 due | fixed |
| 52 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 53 spells | nmod:poss |
| 53 | spells | spell | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 poem | conj |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 poem | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | write | participle | a poem in a later version of our story but Morgain's spells not said here | ballad form | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent in form=Destination | ||||
| 2 | contain | participle | the Percy | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in percy=Location | |||||
| 3 | not appear | present · do-support | Morgain | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | take | present · passive | a old witch and mother to the lady | Morgain's place | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | ||||
| 5 | is | present | the enchantment | still | due Morgain's spells; Morgain nmod:poss | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: A Middle-English Arthurian Romance Retold in Modern Prose» by Jessie L. Weston, Project Gutenberg book 66084 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66084/9/81/