Hawaiian Historical Legends, Opening, sentence 7
From mist to sunshine—from fabled gods to a constitution and legislature as a Territory of the United States—this is the outline of the stories told in the present volume.
Who acts: this · What happens: fable, be, tell · To what, where: outline, stories, present volume, mist · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (this), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | From | from | ADP | _ | 2 mist | case |
| 2 | mist | mist | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 3 | to | to | ADP | _ | 4 sunshine | case |
| 4 | sunshine | sunshine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 mist | nmod |
| 5 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 gods | punct |
| 6 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 gods | case |
| 7 | fabled | fable | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 gods | amod |
| 8 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 mist | conj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 constitution | case |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 constitution | det |
| 11 | constitution | constitution | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 gods | nmod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 legislature | cc |
| 13 | legislature | legislature | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 constitution | conj |
| 14 | as | as | ADP | _ | 16 Territory | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 Territory | det |
| 16 | Territory | territory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 constitution | nmod |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 States | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 States | det |
| 19 | United | United | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 States | amod |
| 20 | States | State | PROPN | Number=Plur | 16 Territory | nmod |
| 21 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 25 outline | punct |
| 22 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 25 outline | nsubj |
| 23 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 outline | cop |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 outline | det |
| 25 | outline | outline | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 mist | conj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 stories | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 stories | det |
| 28 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 outline | nmod |
| 29 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 28 stories | acl |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 volume | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 volume | det |
| 32 | present | present | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 volume | amod |
| 33 | volume | volume | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 told | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 mist | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fable | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | is a | present | this | the outline | of the stories | tree rules | |||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | participle | the stories not said here | the present volume | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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