Hawaiian Historical Legends, Opening, sentence 9
The old people rehearsed stories depending upon stories told before.
Who acts: old people, stories · What happens: rehearse, depend, tell · To what, where: stories · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old people, stories), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 people | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 people | amod |
| 3 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 rehearsed | nsubj |
| 4 | rehearsed | rehearse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 rehearsed | obj |
| 6 | depending | depend | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 stories | acl |
| 7 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 8 stories | case |
| 8 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 depending | obl |
| 9 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 stories | acl |
| 10 | before | before | ADV | _ | 9 told | advmod |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 rehearsed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | rehearse | past | the old people | stories | vn rehearse-26.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent story=Theme | ||||
| 2 | depend | gerund | stories not said here | upon stories | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S_ING»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | participle | stories not said here | before property | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/1/9/