Hawaiian Historical Legends, Laa From Tahiti, sentence 22
Kahai, the sea-rover, a grandson of Moi-keha, is said to have sailed to Upolu in the Samoan Islands and there found a new species of breadfruit which he thought might well be placed by the older Hawaiian breadfruit.
Who acts: new species, older Hawaiian breadfruit · What happens: say, sail, find, think, place · To what, where: Kahai, Upolu, Samoan Islands, new species · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Laa From Tahiti. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (new species, older Hawaiian breadfruit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kahai | Kahai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 said | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 rover | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 rover | det |
| 4 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 rover | compound |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 4 sea | punct |
| 6 | rover | rover | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Kahai | appos |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 grandson | punct |
| 8 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 grandson | det |
| 9 | grandson | grandson | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Kahai | appos |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 Moi | case |
| 11 | Moi | Moi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 grandson | appos |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 13 keha | punct |
| 13 | keha | keha | X | Foreign=Yes | 11 Moi | dep |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Kahai | punct |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 16 said | aux:pass |
| 16 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 sailed | mark |
| 18 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 sailed | aux |
| 19 | sailed | sail | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 16 said | xcomp |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 Upolu | case |
| 21 | Upolu | Upolu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 sailed | obl |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 Islands | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 Islands | det |
| 24 | Samoan | Samoan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 Islands | compound |
| 25 | Islands | Island | PROPN | Number=Plur | 19 sailed | obl |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 found | cc |
| 27 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 28 found | expl |
| 28 | found | find | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 sailed | conj |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 species | det |
| 30 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 species | amod |
| 31 | species | species | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 found | obj |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 breadfruit | case |
| 33 | breadfruit | breadfruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 species | nmod |
| 34 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 thought | nsubj |
| 35 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 thought | nsubj |
| 36 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 species | acl:relcl |
| 37 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 40 placed | aux |
| 38 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 40 placed | advmod |
| 39 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 40 placed | aux:pass |
| 40 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 36 thought | ccomp |
| 41 | by | by | ADP | _ | 45 breadfruit | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 breadfruit | det |
| 43 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 45 breadfruit | amod |
| 44 | Hawaiian | hawaiian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 breadfruit | amod |
| 45 | breadfruit | breadfruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 placed | obl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present · passive | Kahai | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | sail | to-infinitive · perfect | Upolu | the Samoan Islands | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent to upolu=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | find | past | a new species of breadfruit | there | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent species=Topic | ||||
| 4 | think speech: other | past | a new species of breadfruit | Kahai nsubj | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | ||||
| 5 | place | might · passive | the older Hawaiian breadfruit | well property | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/10/22/