Hawaiian Historical Legends, Captain Cook, sentence 125
“O Lono! your different bodies in the heavens, long cloud, short cloud, bending cloud, spread-out cloud in the sky, from Uliuli, from Melemele, from Kahiki, from Ulunui, from Haehae, from Anaokuululu, from Hakalanai, from the land opened up by Lono in the lower sky, in the upper sky, in the shaking bottom of the ocean, the lower land, the land without hills.
Who acts: different bodies · What happens: bend, open up · To what, where: cloud, Uliuli, land, lower sky, different bodies
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Captain Cook. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (different bodies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 7 bodies | punct |
| 2 | O | o | INTJ | _ | 3 Lono | discourse |
| 3 | Lono | Lono | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 bodies | nsubj |
| 4 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 3 Lono | punct |
| 5 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 bodies | nmod:poss |
| 6 | different | different | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 bodies | amod |
| 7 | bodies | body | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 10 heavens | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 heavens | det |
| 10 | heavens | heaven | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 bodies | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 cloud | punct |
| 12 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 cloud | amod |
| 13 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 heavens | appos |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 cloud | punct |
| 15 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 cloud | amod |
| 16 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 cloud | conj |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 bending | punct |
| 18 | bending | bend | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 7 bodies | acl |
| 19 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 bending | obj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 cloud | punct |
| 21 | spread | spread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 out | compound |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 out | punct |
| 23 | out | out | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 cloud | compound |
| 24 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 cloud | appos |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 sky | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 sky | det |
| 27 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 cloud | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Uliuli | punct |
| 29 | from | from | ADP | _ | 30 Uliuli | case |
| 30 | Uliuli | Uliuli | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 bending | obl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 Melemele | punct |
| 32 | from | from | ADP | _ | 33 Melemele | case |
| 33 | Melemele | Melemele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Uliuli | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 Kahiki | punct |
| 35 | from | from | ADP | _ | 36 Kahiki | case |
| 36 | Kahiki | Kahiki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Uliuli | conj |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 Ulunui | punct |
| 38 | from | from | ADP | _ | 39 Ulunui | case |
| 39 | Ulunui | Ulunui | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 Uliuli | conj |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 Haehae | punct |
| 41 | from | from | ADP | _ | 42 Haehae | case |
| 42 | Haehae | Haehae | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 Ulunui | conj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 Anaokuululu | punct |
| 44 | from | from | ADP | _ | 45 Anaokuululu | case |
| 45 | Anaokuululu | Anaokuululu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 Ulunui | conj |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 Hakalanai | punct |
| 47 | from | from | ADP | _ | 48 Hakalanai | case |
| 48 | Hakalanai | Hakalanai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 39 Ulunui | conj |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 land | punct |
| 50 | from | from | ADP | _ | 52 land | case |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 land | det |
| 52 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 Uliuli | appos |
| 53 | opened | open | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 52 land | acl |
| 54 | up | up | ADP | _ | 53 opened | compound:prt |
| 55 | by | by | ADP | _ | 56 Lono | case |
| 56 | Lono | Lono | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 opened | obl |
| 57 | in | in | ADP | _ | 60 sky | case |
| 58 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 60 sky | det |
| 59 | lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 60 sky | amod |
| 60 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 opened | obl |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 65 sky | punct |
| 62 | in | in | ADP | _ | 65 sky | case |
| 63 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 65 sky | det |
| 64 | upper | upper | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 65 sky | amod |
| 65 | sky | sky | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 bending | obl |
| 66 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 70 bottom | punct |
| 67 | in | in | ADP | _ | 70 bottom | case |
| 68 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 70 bottom | det |
| 69 | shaking | shaking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 70 bottom | compound |
| 70 | bottom | bottom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 65 sky | conj |
| 71 | of | of | ADP | _ | 73 ocean | case |
| 72 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 73 ocean | det |
| 73 | ocean | ocean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 70 bottom | nmod |
| 74 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 77 land | punct |
| 75 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 77 land | det |
| 76 | lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 77 land | amod |
| 77 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 65 sky | conj |
| 78 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 80 land | punct |
| 79 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 80 land | det |
| 80 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 77 land | appos |
| 81 | without | without | ADP | _ | 82 hills | case |
| 82 | hills | hill | NOUN | Number=Plur | 80 land | nmod |
| 83 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 bodies | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bend in a quote | gerund | your different bodies Lono in the heavens not said here | cloud | Uliuli and Melemele and Kahiki and Ulunui and Haehae and Anaokuululu and Hakalanai | in the upper sky and the shaking bottom of the ocean and the lower land | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent cloud=Theme in sky=Location | ||
| 2 | open up in a quote | participle | the land not said here | the lower sky | by Lono | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/12/125/