Hawaiian Historical Legends, Captain Cook, sentence 130
Here are the sacrifices, the offerings, the living things from the chief, from the family, hanging on the shining cloud and the floating land!
Who acts: sacrifices · What happens: be, hang, shine, float · To what, where: shining cloud
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Captain Cook. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sacrifices), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | root | root |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Here | cop |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 sacrifices | det |
| 4 | sacrifices | sacrifice | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Here | nsubj |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 offerings | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 offerings | det |
| 7 | offerings | offering | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 sacrifices | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 things | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 things | det |
| 10 | living | living | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 things | amod |
| 11 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 sacrifices | conj |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 chief | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 chief | det |
| 14 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 things | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 family | punct |
| 16 | from | from | ADP | _ | 18 family | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 family | det |
| 18 | family | family | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 sacrifices | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 hanging | punct |
| 20 | hanging | hang | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 sacrifices | acl |
| 21 | on | on | ADP | _ | 24 cloud | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 cloud | det |
| 23 | shining | shine | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 24 cloud | amod |
| 24 | cloud | cloud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 hanging | obl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 land | cc |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 land | det |
| 27 | floating | float | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 28 land | amod |
| 28 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 cloud | conj |
| 29 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 1 Here | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the sacrifices and the offerings and the living things from the chief and the family | here property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | hang | gerund | the sacrifices and the offerings and the living things from the chief and the family not said here | the shining cloud and the floating land | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on cloud=Location | ||||
| 3 | shine | gerund | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 4 | float | gerund | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/12/130/