Hawaiian Historical Legends, Captain Cook, sentence 139
They had changed their view, saying: “These are not gods; they are only men.”
Who acts: natives, These · What happens: change, say, not be, be, view · To what, where: view, gods, men · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Captain Cook. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (natives, These), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 changed | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 changed | aux |
| 3 | changed | change | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 view | nmod:poss |
| 5 | view | view | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 changed | obj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 saying | punct |
| 7 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 changed | advcl |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 13 gods | punct |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 gods | punct |
| 10 | These | this | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 13 gods | nsubj |
| 11 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 gods | cop |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 gods | advmod |
| 13 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 saying | obl |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 men | punct |
| 15 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 men | nsubj |
| 16 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 men | cop |
| 17 | only | only | ADV | _ | 18 men | advmod |
| 18 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 changed | obl |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 changed | punct |
| 20 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 3 changed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | change | past · perfect | natives = native | natives's view | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent view=Patient | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | gerund | natives = native not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | not is a in a quote | present | These | gods | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is a in a quote | present | natives = native | men | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | view | natives = native | nom view «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/12/139/