Hawaiian Historical Legends, Captain Cook, sentence 196
Because they wanted the yams of Niihau, they sailed over to that island and purchased yams, sweet potatoes, and pigs, and on March 15th sailed out into the mist of the ocean and were completely lost to sight.
Who acts: ships · What happens: want, sail over, purchase, sail out, lose, mist · To what, where: yams, pigs, island, 15th, ocean
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Captain Cook. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ships), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Because | because | SCONJ | _ | 3 wanted | mark |
| 2 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 wanted | nsubj |
| 3 | wanted | want | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 sailed | advcl |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 yams | det |
| 5 | yams | yam | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 wanted | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 Niihau | case |
| 7 | Niihau | Niihau | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 yams | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 wanted | punct |
| 9 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 sailed | nsubj |
| 10 | sailed | sail | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | over | over | ADV | _ | 10 sailed | advmod |
| 12 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 island | case |
| 13 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 14 island | det |
| 14 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 sailed | obl |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 yams | cc |
| 16 | purchased | purchase | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 yams | amod |
| 17 | yams | yam | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 island | conj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 potatoes | punct |
| 19 | sweet | sweet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 potatoes | amod |
| 20 | potatoes | potato | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 yams | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 pigs | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 pigs | cc |
| 23 | pigs | pig | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 sailed | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 sailed | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 sailed | cc |
| 26 | on | on | ADP | _ | 28 15th | case |
| 27 | March | March | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 15th | nmod:unmarked |
| 28 | 15th | 15th | NOUN | Number=Sing NumForm=Combi NumType=Ord | 29 sailed | obl |
| 29 | sailed | sail | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 sailed | conj |
| 30 | out | out | ADV | _ | 29 sailed | advmod |
| 31 | into | into | ADP | _ | 33 mist | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 mist | det |
| 33 | mist | mist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 sailed | obl |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 ocean | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 ocean | det |
| 36 | ocean | ocean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 mist | nmod |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 lost | cc |
| 38 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 40 lost | aux:pass |
| 39 | completely | completely | ADV | _ | 40 lost | advmod |
| 40 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 sailed | conj |
| 41 | to | to | ADP | _ | 42 sight | case |
| 42 | sight | sight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 lost | obl |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 sailed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | want | past | ships = ship | the yams of Niihau | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot yam=Theme | ||||
| 2 | sail over | past | ships = ship | pigs | that island and purchased yams and sweet potatoes | over property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent to island=Trajectory | ||
| 3 | purchase | participle | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||||
| 4 | sail out | past | ships = ship not said here | 15th March | into the mist of the ocean; out property | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent into mist=Trajectory | |||
| 5 | lose | past · passive | ships = ship not said here | to sight; completely property | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V» | ||||
| 6 | mist | the ocean | nom mist «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/12/196/