Hawaiian Historical Legends, Captain Cook, sentence 38
They called all iron pahoa—a tool for cutting, because there was once a sword among the old people of the Islands.
Who acts: chief, tool · What happens: call, cut, be · To what, where: iron pahoa · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Captain Cook. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, tool), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 called | nsubj |
| 2 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 pahoa | det |
| 4 | iron | iron | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 pahoa | amod |
| 5 | pahoa | pahoa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 called | obj |
| 6 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 tool | punct |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 tool | det |
| 8 | tool | tool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 pahoa | appos |
| 9 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 10 cutting | mark |
| 10 | cutting | cut | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 8 tool | acl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 was | punct |
| 12 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 14 was | mark |
| 13 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 14 was | expl |
| 14 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 called | conj |
| 15 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 14 was | advmod |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 sword | det |
| 17 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 once | nsubj |
| 18 | among | among | ADP | _ | 21 people | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 people | det |
| 20 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 people | amod |
| 21 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 sword | nmod |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 Islands | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 Islands | det |
| 24 | Islands | Island | PROPN | Number=Plur | 21 people | nmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 called | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past | chief | all iron pahoa | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent pahoa=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | cut | gerund | a tool not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | be | past | chief not said here | there | once property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/12/38/