Hawaiian Historical Legends, Captain Cook, sentence 67
I forbade you at first, and established my law that if any one should steal, he shall suffer the loss of his bones.
Who acts: I, one, Kapu · What happens: forbid, establish, steal, suffer · To what, where: you, law, loss
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Captain Cook. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, one, Kapu), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 forbade | nsubj |
| 2 | forbade | forbid | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 2 forbade | obj |
| 4 | at | at | ADP | _ | 5 first | case |
| 5 | first | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 2 forbade | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 established | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 established | cc |
| 8 | established | establish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 forbade | parataxis |
| 9 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 law | nmod:poss |
| 10 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 established | obj |
| 11 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 steal | obj |
| 12 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 16 steal | mark |
| 13 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 14 one | det |
| 14 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 steal | nsubj |
| 15 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 16 steal | aux |
| 16 | steal | steal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 law | acl:relcl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 suffer | punct |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 suffer | nsubj |
| 19 | shall | shall | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 suffer | aux |
| 20 | suffer | suffer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 established | conj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 loss | det |
| 22 | loss | loss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 suffer | obj |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 bones | case |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 bones | nmod:poss |
| 25 | bones | bone | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 loss | nmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 forbade | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | forbid | past | I | you | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer you=Theme | ||||
| 2 | establish | past | my law | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent law=Patient | |||||
| 3 | steal a condition, not said to happen | should | any one | my law | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location that=Theme | ||||
| 4 | suffer | shall | Kapu | the loss of Kapu's bones | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer loss=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/12/67/