Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 105
He took pains, in his wily and apparently open-hearted way, to let it be known that the only reason why he had not become the king of Oahu as well as of Maui was because of his great personal love for his young friend.
Who acts: King, Maui · What happens: take, let, know, not become, be · To what, where: pains, way, king
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, Maui), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 took | nsubj |
| 2 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | pains | pain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 took | obj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 way | punct |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 way | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 way | nmod:poss |
| 7 | wily | wily | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 way | amod |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 hearted | cc |
| 9 | apparently | apparently | ADV | _ | 12 hearted | advmod |
| 10 | open | open | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 hearted | amod |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 open | punct |
| 12 | hearted | hearted | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 wily | conj |
| 13 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 took | parataxis |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 let | punct |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 let | mark |
| 16 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 took | parataxis |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 known | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 19 known | aux:pass |
| 19 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 let | xcomp |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 reason | mark |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 reason | det |
| 22 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 reason | amod |
| 23 | reason | reason | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 known | xcomp |
| 24 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 28 become | advmod |
| 25 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 become | nsubj |
| 26 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 become | aux |
| 27 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 28 become | advmod |
| 28 | become | become | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 known | xcomp |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 king | det |
| 30 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 become | xcomp |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 Oahu | case |
| 32 | Oahu | Oahu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 king | nmod |
| 33 | as | as | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 44 love | cc |
| 34 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 33 as | fixed |
| 35 | as | as | ADP | _ | 33 as | fixed |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 love | case |
| 37 | Maui | Maui | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 love | nsubj |
| 38 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 44 love | cop |
| 39 | because | because | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 44 love | case |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 because | fixed |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 love | nmod:poss |
| 42 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 love | amod |
| 43 | personal | personal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 love | amod |
| 44 | love | love | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 become | xcomp |
| 45 | for | for | ADP | _ | 48 friend | case |
| 46 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 48 friend | nmod:poss |
| 47 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 48 friend | amod |
| 48 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 love | nmod |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | King | pains | King's wily way parataxis | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pain=Theme | |||
| 2 | let | to-infinitive | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | know | infinitive · passive | way | the only reason xcomp | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | not become | past | King | the king of Oahu | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | is | past | Maui | of King's great personal love; for King's young friend; King nmod:poss | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/13/105/