Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 109
He began a course of action inspired by his Maui advisers which was thoroughly overbearing and capricious and finally created dissension throughout his kingdom.
Who acts: King, Maui advisers · What happens: begin, inspire, be, create · To what, where: course, action, dissension
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, Maui advisers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 began | nsubj |
| 2 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 course | det |
| 4 | course | course | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 began | obj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 action | case |
| 6 | action | action | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 course | nmod |
| 7 | inspired | inspire | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 action | acl |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 11 advisers | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 advisers | nmod:poss |
| 10 | Maui | Maui | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 advisers | compound |
| 11 | advisers | adviser | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 inspired | obl |
| 12 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 15 overbearing | nsubj |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 overbearing | cop |
| 14 | thoroughly | thoroughly | ADV | _ | 15 overbearing | advmod |
| 15 | overbearing | overbearing | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 advisers | acl:relcl |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 capricious | cc |
| 17 | capricious | capricious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 overbearing | conj |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 created | cc |
| 19 | finally | finally | ADV | _ | 20 created | advmod |
| 20 | created | create | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 15 overbearing | conj |
| 21 | dissension | dissension | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 created | obj |
| 22 | throughout | throughout | ADP | _ | 24 kingdom | case |
| 23 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 kingdom | nmod:poss |
| 24 | kingdom | kingdom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 created | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 began | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | King | a course of action | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Eventuality | ||||
| 2 | inspire | participle | action not said here | by King's Maui advisers | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | is | past | King's Maui advisers | overbearing, thoroughly property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | be | King's Maui advisers not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | create | participle | King's Maui advisers not said here | dissension | throughout King's kingdom | finally property | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dissension=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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