Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 35
The king and high chiefs wore the feather cloaks and helmets betokening their rank.
Who acts: king, feather cloaks · What happens: wear, betoken · To what, where: feather cloaks, rank
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, feather cloaks), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 king | det |
| 2 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 wore | nsubj |
| 3 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 chiefs | cc |
| 4 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 chiefs | amod |
| 5 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 king | conj |
| 6 | wore | wear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 cloaks | det |
| 8 | feather | feather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 cloaks | compound |
| 9 | cloaks | cloak | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 wore | obj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 helmets | cc |
| 11 | helmets | helmet | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 cloaks | conj |
| 12 | betokening | betoken | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 cloaks | acl |
| 13 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 rank | nmod:poss |
| 14 | rank | rank | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 betokening | obj |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 wore | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wear | past | the king and high chiefs | the feather cloaks and helmets | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent cloak=Theme | ||||
| 2 | betoken | gerund | the feather cloaks and helmets not said here | helmets's rank | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/13/35/