Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 60
Ka-o-pulu-pulu carefully pointed out the fact that there was a great deal to the demands of Kahekili which did not appear on the surface.
Who acts: great deal · What happens: point out, not appear, demand · To what, where: Ka, surface, Kahekili
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great deal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ka | Ka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 pointed | nsubj |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 pointed | punct |
| 3 | o | of | ADP | Abbr=Yes | 9 pointed | mark |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 o | punct |
| 5 | pulu | pulu | X | Foreign=Yes | 9 pointed | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 pulu | punct |
| 7 | pulu | pulu | X | Foreign=Yes | 5 pulu | flat:foreign |
| 8 | carefully | carefully | ADV | _ | 9 pointed | advmod |
| 9 | pointed | point | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | out | out | ADP | _ | 9 pointed | compound:prt |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 fact | det |
| 12 | fact | fact | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 pointed | obj |
| 13 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 was | mark |
| 14 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 15 was | expl |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 fact | acl |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 deal | det |
| 17 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 deal | amod |
| 18 | deal | deal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 was | nsubj |
| 19 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 demands | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 demands | det |
| 21 | demands | demand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 deal | nmod |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 Kahekili | case |
| 23 | Kahekili | Kahekili | PROPN | Number=Sing | 21 demands | nmod |
| 24 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 27 appear | nsubj |
| 25 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 appear | aux |
| 26 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 27 appear | advmod |
| 27 | appear | appear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 deal | acl:relcl |
| 28 | on | on | ADP | _ | 30 surface | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 surface | det |
| 30 | surface | surface | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 appear | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 pointed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | point out | participle · passive | Ka | the fact obj; carefully property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | not appear | past · do-support | a great deal to the demands of Kahekili | the surface | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on surface=Location | ||||
| 3 | demand | Kahekili | nom demand «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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