Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 68
This would give to Kahekili a basis for invasion, a powerful influence over the gods of Oahu, and would make it still more difficult for the Oahuans to maintain this independence.
Who acts: This · What happens: give, make, maintain · To what, where: basis, Kahekili, influence, independence
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 give | nsubj |
| 2 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 give | aux |
| 3 | give | give | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 5 Kahekili | case |
| 5 | Kahekili | Kahekili | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 give | obl |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 basis | det |
| 7 | basis | basis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 give | obj |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 9 invasion | case |
| 9 | invasion | invasion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 basis | nmod |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 influence | punct |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 influence | det |
| 12 | powerful | powerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 influence | amod |
| 13 | influence | influence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 basis | conj |
| 14 | over | over | ADP | _ | 16 gods | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 gods | det |
| 16 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 influence | nmod |
| 17 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 Oahu | case |
| 18 | Oahu | Oahu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 gods | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 make | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 make | cc |
| 21 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 22 make | aux |
| 22 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 give | conj |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 make | obj |
| 24 | still | still | ADV | _ | 25 more | advmod |
| 25 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 26 difficult | advmod |
| 26 | difficult | difficult | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 make | xcomp |
| 27 | for | for | ADP | _ | 29 Oahuans | case |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Oahuans | det |
| 29 | Oahuans | Oahuan | PROPN | Number=Plur | 26 difficult | obl |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 maintain | mark |
| 31 | maintain | maintain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 Oahuans | acl |
| 32 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 33 independence | det |
| 33 | independence | independence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 maintain | obj |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 give | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | would | This | a basis and a powerful influence over the gods of Oahu | Kahekili | for invasion | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.asset»: agent=Agent basis=Theme to kahekili=Recipient for invasion=Asset | ||
| 2 | make | would | This not said here | influence | difficult property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product | |||
| 3 | maintain | to-infinitive | This not said here | this independence | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent independence=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/13/68/