Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 85
He felt his inability to meet his Hawaiian enemies alone, therefore he called for aid from Oahu.
Who acts: Hawaii · What happens: feel, meet, call · To what, where: inability, Hawaiian enemies · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Hawaii), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 felt | nsubj |
| 2 | felt | feel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 inability | nmod:poss |
| 4 | inability | inability | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 felt | obj |
| 5 | to | to | PART | _ | 6 meet | mark |
| 6 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 felt | advcl |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 enemies | nmod:poss |
| 8 | Hawaiian | hawaiian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 enemies | amod |
| 9 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 meet | obj |
| 10 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 6 meet | advmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 called | punct |
| 12 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 14 called | advmod |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 called | nsubj |
| 14 | called | call | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 felt | parataxis |
| 15 | for | for | ADP | _ | 16 aid | case |
| 16 | aid | aid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 called | obl |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 18 Oahu | case |
| 18 | Oahu | Oahu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 16 aid | nmod |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 felt | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | feel | past | Hawaii | Hawaii's inability | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent inability=Theme | ||||
| 2 | meet | to-infinitive | Hawaii not said here | Hawaii's Hawaiian enemies | alone property | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent enemy=Co-Agent | |||
| 3 | call | past | Hawaii | for aid from Oahu; therefore property | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V PP.recipient S_INF»: agent=Agent for aid=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/13/85/