Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 87
It was a dearly purchased victory which he never could have won without the aid of the Oahu warriors, and yet he was not profuse in thanks for the assistance given.
Who acts: Battle, Hawaii · What happens: purchase, be, not win, not be, give · To what, where: dearly purchased victory, thanks, assistance
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Battle, Hawaii), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 victory | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 victory | cop |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 victory | det |
| 4 | dearly | dearly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 victory | amod |
| 5 | purchased | purchase | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 victory | amod |
| 6 | victory | victory | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 7 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 won | obj |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 won | nsubj |
| 9 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 12 won | advmod |
| 10 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 won | aux |
| 11 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 12 won | aux |
| 12 | won | win | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 victory | acl:relcl |
| 13 | without | without | ADP | _ | 15 aid | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 aid | det |
| 15 | aid | aid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 won | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 warriors | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 warriors | det |
| 18 | Oahu | Oahu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 warriors | compound |
| 19 | warriors | warrior | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 aid | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 profuse | punct |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 profuse | cc |
| 22 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 26 profuse | advmod |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 26 profuse | nsubj |
| 24 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 profuse | cop |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 26 profuse | advmod |
| 26 | profuse | profuse | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 victory | conj |
| 27 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 thanks | case |
| 28 | thanks | thanks | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 profuse | obl |
| 29 | for | for | ADP | _ | 31 assistance | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 assistance | det |
| 31 | assistance | assistance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 thanks | nmod |
| 32 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 assistance | acl |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 victory | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | purchase | participle | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset | ||||||
| 2 | is a | past | Battle | a dearly purchased victory | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | not win | could · perfect | Hawaii | a dearly purchased victory | without the aid of the Oahu warriors | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Eventuality | |||
| 4 | not is | past | Hawaii | thanks for the assistance | yet | profuse property | tree rules | ||
| 5 | give | participle | the assistance not said here | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/13/87/