Hawaiian Historical Legends, King Kahahana, About 1773, sentence 99
This Kahahana readily gave to him as land that had been conquered and won from its inhabitants, concerning which there would be small dispute.
Who acts: Kahahana · What happens: give, conquer, win, concern, be · To what, where: King, land, small dispute
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, King Kahahana, About 1773. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kahahana), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | This | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 Kahahana | det |
| 2 | Kahahana | Kahahana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 gave | nsubj |
| 3 | readily | readily | ADV | _ | 4 gave | advmod |
| 4 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 him | case |
| 6 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 gave | obl |
| 7 | as | as | ADP | _ | 8 land | case |
| 8 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 gave | obl |
| 9 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 conquered | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 conquered | aux |
| 11 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 conquered | aux:pass |
| 12 | conquered | conquer | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 land | acl:relcl |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 won | cc |
| 14 | won | win | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 conquered | conj |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 inhabitants | case |
| 16 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 inhabitants | nmod:poss |
| 17 | inhabitants | inhabitant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 won | obl:agent |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 concerning | punct |
| 19 | concerning | concern | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 gave | advcl |
| 20 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 25 dispute | nsubj |
| 21 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 23 be | expl |
| 22 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 be | aux |
| 23 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 25 dispute | cop |
| 24 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 dispute | amod |
| 25 | dispute | dispute | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 concerning | ccomp |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | this Kahahana | King | as land; readily property | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient | |||
| 2 | conquer | past · perfect · passive | land | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 3 | win | participle | tract's inhabitants obl:agent | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | concern | gerund | this Kahahana not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 5 | is a | infinitive | small dispute | which nsubj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/13/99/