Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 105
“It was said that certain chiefs were so tabu that they did not show themselves abroad by day.”
Who acts: certain chiefs · What happens: say, not be · To what, where: dust · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (certain chiefs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
| 2 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 said | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 said | aux:pass |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 show | mark |
| 6 | certain | certain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 chiefs | amod |
| 7 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 show | nsubj |
| 8 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 show | cop |
| 9 | so | so | ADV | _ | 15 show | advmod |
| 10 | tabu | tabu | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 show | nsubj |
| 11 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 show | mark |
| 12 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 show | nsubj |
| 13 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 show | aux |
| 14 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 15 show | advmod |
| 15 | show | show | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 said | advcl |
| 16 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 15 show | obj |
| 17 | abroad | abroad | ADV | _ | 15 show | advmod |
| 18 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 day | case |
| 19 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 show | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
| 21 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert in a quote | past · passive | dust | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic | |||||
| 2 | not is in a quote | past · do-support | certain chiefs | day | tabu nsubj; records = record nsubj; abroad, show property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/14/105/