Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 135
The new year dawned—the year known in the civilised world as 1776.
Who acts: new year · What happens: dawn, know, civilise · To what, where: year, civilised world
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (new year), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 year | det |
| 2 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 year | amod |
| 3 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 dawned | nsubj |
| 4 | dawned | dawn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 7 year | punct |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 year | det |
| 7 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 dawned | obl:unmarked |
| 8 | known | know | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 year | acl |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 world | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 world | det |
| 11 | civilised | civilise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 world | amod |
| 12 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 known | obl |
| 13 | as | as | ADP | _ | 14 1776 | case |
| 14 | 1776 | 1776 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 known | obl |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 dawned | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | dawn | past | the new year | year | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | know | participle | the year not said here | the civilised world | as 1776 | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer as 1776=Attribute | |||
| 3 | civilise | participle | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/14/135/