Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 157
The king, surrounded by his bodyguard of royal chiefs, watched the splendid array of warriors as they hastened to surprise the Maui warriors.
Who acts: king, waters · What happens: surround, watch, hasten, surprise · To what, where: king, splendid array, Maui warriors
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king, waters), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 king | det |
| 2 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 watched | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 surrounded | punct |
| 4 | surrounded | surround | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 king | acl |
| 5 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 bodyguard | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 bodyguard | nmod:poss |
| 7 | bodyguard | bodyguard | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 surrounded | obl:agent |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 chiefs | case |
| 9 | royal | royal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 chiefs | amod |
| 10 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 bodyguard | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 king | punct |
| 12 | watched | watch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 array | det |
| 14 | splendid | splendid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 array | amod |
| 15 | array | array | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 watched | obj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 warriors | case |
| 17 | warriors | warrior | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 array | nmod |
| 18 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 20 hastened | mark |
| 19 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 hastened | nsubj |
| 20 | hastened | hasten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 watched | advcl |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 surprise | mark |
| 22 | surprise | surprise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 hastened | xcomp |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 warriors | det |
| 24 | Maui | Maui | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 warriors | compound |
| 25 | warriors | warrior | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 surprise | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 watched | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | surround | participle | the king not said here | king's bodyguard of royal chiefs obl:agent | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | watch | past | the king | the splendid array of warriors | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent array=Theme | ||||
| 3 | hasten | past | waters = water | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | surprise | to-infinitive | waters = water not said here | the Maui warriors | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus warrior=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/14/157/