Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 254
As Kiwalao drew near the door all the Maui chiefs prostrated themselves before him, while the king lazily turned over and partly raised himself, lifting his head in token of friendly greeting.
Who acts: Maui chiefs, king · What happens: draw, prostrate, turn over, raise, lift · To what, where: door, kahili, king, head, token
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Maui chiefs, king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | ADP | _ | 2 Kiwalao | case |
| 2 | Kiwalao | Kiwalao | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 drew | obl |
| 3 | drew | draw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | near | near | ADP | _ | 6 door | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 door | det |
| 6 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 drew | obl |
| 7 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 chiefs | det:predet |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 chiefs | det |
| 9 | Maui | Maui | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 chiefs | compound |
| 10 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 prostrated | nsubj |
| 11 | prostrated | prostrate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 drew | conj |
| 12 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 11 prostrated | obj |
| 13 | before | before | ADP | _ | 14 him | case |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 prostrated | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 turned | punct |
| 16 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 20 turned | mark |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 king | det |
| 18 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 turned | nsubj |
| 19 | lazily | lazily | ADV | _ | 20 turned | advmod |
| 20 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 prostrated | parataxis |
| 21 | over | over | ADP | _ | 20 turned | compound:prt |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 raised | cc |
| 23 | partly | partly | ADV | _ | 24 raised | advmod |
| 24 | raised | raise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 turned | conj |
| 25 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 24 raised | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 lifting | punct |
| 27 | lifting | lift | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 24 raised | advcl |
| 28 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 head | nmod:poss |
| 29 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 lifting | obj |
| 30 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 token | case |
| 31 | token | token | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 lifting | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 greeting | case |
| 33 | friendly | friendly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 greeting | amod |
| 34 | greeting | greeting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 token | nmod |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 drew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | draw | past | the door | as Kiwalao | vn create-26.4-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as kiwalao=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | prostrate | past | all Maui chiefs | kahili | before Kiwalao | tree rules | |||
| 3 | turn over | past | the king | lazily property | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | raise | past | the king not said here | king | partly property | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Theme | |||
| 5 | lift | gerund | the king not said here | king's head | token of friendly greeting | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent head=Theme in token=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/14/254/