Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Alapa Regiment, sentence 97
Each chief of the “Aha-alii” had the right to wear the beautiful feather lei, or wreath, and the feather cape, and the niho palaoa, or ivory hook, suspended from a heavy necklace of human hair.
Who acts: chief · What happens: have, wear, suspend · To what, where: right, beautiful feather lei, niho palaoa, heavy necklace
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Alapa Regiment. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 2 chief | det |
| 2 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 had | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 alii | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 alii | det |
| 5 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 alii | punct |
| 6 | Aha | aha | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 alii | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 Aha | punct |
| 8 | alii | alii | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 chief | nmod |
| 9 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 alii | punct |
| 10 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 right | det |
| 12 | right | right | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 had | obj |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 wear | mark |
| 14 | wear | wear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 right | acl |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 lei | det |
| 16 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 lei | amod |
| 17 | feather | feather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 lei | compound |
| 18 | lei | lei | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 wear | obj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 wreath | punct |
| 20 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 21 wreath | cc |
| 21 | wreath | wreath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 lei | conj |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 cape | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 cape | cc |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 cape | det |
| 25 | feather | feather | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 cape | compound |
| 26 | cape | cape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 had | parataxis |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 palaoa | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 palaoa | cc |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 palaoa | det |
| 30 | niho | niho | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 palaoa | compound |
| 31 | palaoa | palaoa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 cape | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 hook | punct |
| 33 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 35 hook | cc |
| 34 | ivory | ivory | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 hook | amod |
| 35 | hook | hook | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 palaoa | conj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 suspended | punct |
| 37 | suspended | suspend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 palaoa | acl |
| 38 | from | from | ADP | _ | 41 necklace | case |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 necklace | det |
| 40 | heavy | heavy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 necklace | amod |
| 41 | necklace | necklace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 suspended | obl |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 hair | case |
| 43 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 hair | amod |
| 44 | hair | hair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 necklace | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | each chief of the Aha alii | the right | the feather cape and the niho palaoa or ivory hook parataxis | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent right=Patient | |||
| 2 | wear | to-infinitive | each chief of the Aha alii not said here | the beautiful feather lei or wreath | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent lei=Source | ||||
| 3 | suspend | participle | the niho palaoa or ivory hook not said here | a heavy necklace of human hair | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from necklace=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/14/97/