Hawaiian Historical Legends, In the Days of Kahahana, 1782, sentence 12
He made Kahahana believe that the high priest was secretly hoping to take Oahu from its king and turn it over to himself.
Who acts: Oahu, Kahahana, high priest · What happens: make, believe, hope, take, turn over · To what, where: Kahahana, Oahu, trouble · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, In the Days of Kahahana, 1782. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Oahu, Kahahana, high priest), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 made | nsubj |
| 2 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | Kahahana | Kahahana | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 made | obj |
| 4 | believe | believe | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 made | xcomp |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 11 hoping | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 priest | det |
| 7 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 priest | amod |
| 8 | priest | priest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 hoping | nsubj |
| 9 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 hoping | aux |
| 10 | secretly | secretly | ADV | _ | 11 hoping | advmod |
| 11 | hoping | hope | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 believe | ccomp |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 take | mark |
| 13 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 hoping | xcomp |
| 14 | Oahu | Oahu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 take | obj |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 king | case |
| 16 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 king | nmod:poss |
| 17 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 take | obl |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 turn | cc |
| 19 | turn | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres Typo=Yes VerbForm=Fin | 2 made | conj |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 turn | obj |
| 21 | over | over | ADP | _ | 19 turn | compound:prt |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 himself | case |
| 23 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 19 turn | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past | Oahu | Kahahana | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | believe | infinitive | Kahahana not said here | vn admire-31.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | hope | past · progressive | the high priest | secretly property | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | ||||
| 4 | take not said to happen | to-infinitive | the high priest not said here | Oahu | from trouble's king | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent oahu=Theme from king=Initial_Location | |||
| 5 | turn over | present | Oahu not said here | trouble | Oahu | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme to himself=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/15/12/