Hawaiian Historical Legends, In the Days of Kahahana, 1782, sentence 30
He knew well that he was king by virtue of the choice of his chiefs and not by blood descent.
Who acts: king · What happens: know, be · To what, where: king
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, In the Days of Kahahana, 1782. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (king), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 knew | nsubj |
| 2 | knew | know | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 2 knew | advmod |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 king | mark |
| 5 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 king | nsubj |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 king | cop |
| 7 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 knew | advcl |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 virtue | case |
| 9 | virtue | virtue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 knew | obl |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 choice | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 choice | det |
| 12 | choice | choice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 virtue | nmod |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 chiefs | case |
| 14 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 chiefs | nmod:poss |
| 15 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 choice | nmod |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 descent | cc |
| 17 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 descent | advmod |
| 18 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 descent | case |
| 19 | blood | blood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 descent | compound |
| 20 | descent | descent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 chiefs | conj |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 knew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | know | past | king | by virtue of the choice of king's chiefs and blood descent; well property | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | king | king | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/15/30/