Hawaiian Historical Legends, In the Days of Kahahana, 1782, sentence 40
He understood the dread power of “praying to death,” a power which causes even the intelligent natives of the twentieth century to tremble.
Who acts: Wai, dread power, power · What happens: understand, pray, cause, tremble · To what, where: dread power, intelligent natives · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, In the Days of Kahahana, 1782. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wai, dread power, power), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 understood | nsubj |
| 2 | understood | understand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 power | det |
| 4 | dread | dread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 power | compound |
| 5 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 understood | obj |
| 6 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 8 praying | mark |
| 7 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 8 praying | punct |
| 8 | praying | pray | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 power | acl |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 death | case |
| 10 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 praying | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 power | punct |
| 12 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 power | punct |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 power | det |
| 14 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 understood | parataxis |
| 15 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 16 causes | nsubj |
| 16 | causes | cause | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 14 power | acl:relcl |
| 17 | even | even | ADV | _ | 20 natives | advmod |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 natives | det |
| 19 | intelligent | intelligent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 natives | amod |
| 20 | natives | native | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 causes | obj |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 century | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 century | det |
| 23 | twentieth | twentieth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 century | amod |
| 24 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 natives | nmod |
| 25 | to | to | PART | _ | 26 tremble | mark |
| 26 | tremble | tremble | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 century | acl |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 understood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | understand | past | Wai | the dread power | a power parataxis | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer power=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | pray in a quote | gerund | the dread power not said here | to death | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot | ||||
| 3 | cause | present | a power | the intelligent natives of the twentieth century | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition native=Patient | ||||
| 4 | tremble | to-infinitive | a power not said here | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/15/40/