Hawaiian Historical Legends, In the Days of Kahahana, 1782, sentence 63
And yet once more the prophecy was remembered when the foreigners came over the ocean filling the land with new ideas, and with the bustle of new and enlarged business, beautifying and enriching all the island life with new homes and new arts.
Who acts: foreigners, new business · What happens: remember, come, fill, beautify, enrich, bustle · To what, where: prophecy, ocean, land, island life
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, In the Days of Kahahana, 1782. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (foreigners, new business), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 remembered | cc |
| 2 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 3 once | advmod |
| 3 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 8 remembered | advmod |
| 4 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 8 remembered | advmod |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 prophecy | det |
| 6 | prophecy | prophecy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 remembered | nsubj |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 remembered | aux:pass |
| 8 | remembered | remember | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 9 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 12 came | mark |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 foreigners | det |
| 11 | foreigners | foreigner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 came | nsubj |
| 12 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 remembered | ccomp |
| 13 | over | over | ADP | _ | 15 ocean | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 ocean | det |
| 15 | ocean | ocean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 came | obl |
| 16 | filling | fill | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 came | advcl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 land | det |
| 18 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 filling | obj |
| 19 | with | with | ADP | _ | 21 ideas | case |
| 20 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 ideas | amod |
| 21 | ideas | idea | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 filling | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 bustle | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 bustle | cc |
| 24 | with | with | ADP | _ | 26 bustle | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 bustle | det |
| 26 | bustle | bustle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 remembered | obl |
| 27 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 business | case |
| 28 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 business | amod |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 enlarged | cc |
| 30 | enlarged | enlarged | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 new | conj |
| 31 | business | business | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 bustle | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 beautifying | punct |
| 33 | beautifying | beautify | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 31 business | acl |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 enriching | cc |
| 35 | enriching | enrich | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 33 beautifying | conj |
| 36 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 39 life | det:predet |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 life | det |
| 38 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 life | compound |
| 39 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 enriching | obj |
| 40 | with | with | ADP | _ | 42 homes | case |
| 41 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 homes | amod |
| 42 | homes | home | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 enriching | obl |
| 43 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 arts | cc |
| 44 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 45 arts | amod |
| 45 | arts | art | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 homes | conj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 remembered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | remember | past · passive | the prophecy | yet | with the bustle of new business; once property | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: subject=Theme clause=Attribute | |||
| 2 | come | past | the foreigners | the ocean | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme over ocean=Initial_Location | ||||
| 3 | fill | gerund | the foreigners not said here | the land | with new ideas | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent land=Patient with idea=Instrument | |||
| 4 | beautify | gerund | new business not said here | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 5 | enrich | gerund | new business not said here | all island life | with new homes and new arts | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent life=Destination with home=Theme | |||
| 6 | bustle | new business | nom bustle «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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