Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Eight of Oahu, sentence 4
Kahekili had control of Maui and the adjacent islands and had sent expeditions to harass the followers of Ka-meha-meha on Hawaii.
Who acts: Kahekili · What happens: have, send, harass · To what, where: control, expeditions, followers, Hawaii
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Eight of Oahu. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kahekili), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kahekili | Kahekili | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 had | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | control | control | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 had | obj |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Maui | case |
| 5 | Maui | Maui | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 control | nmod |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 islands | cc |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 islands | det |
| 8 | adjacent | adjacent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 islands | amod |
| 9 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 Maui | conj |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 sent | cc |
| 11 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 sent | aux |
| 12 | sent | send | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 had | conj |
| 13 | expeditions | expedition | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 sent | obj |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 harass | mark |
| 15 | harass | harass | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 sent | advcl |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 followers | det |
| 17 | followers | follower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 harass | obj |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 Ka | case |
| 19 | Ka | Ka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 followers | appos |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 meha | punct |
| 21 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 19 Ka | dep |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 meha | punct |
| 23 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 21 meha | flat:foreign |
| 24 | on | on | ADP | _ | 25 Hawaii | case |
| 25 | Hawaii | Hawaii | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 harass | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | Kahekili | control of Maui and the adjacent islands | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent control=Patient | ||||
| 2 | send | past · perfect | Kahekili not said here | expeditions | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent expedition=Theme | ||||
| 3 | harass | to-infinitive | Kahekili not said here | the followers | Hawaii | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus follower=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/16/4/