Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Red Mouth Gun, sentence 34
One of the sons of Kahekili, king of Oahu, withstood a large number of Kauai men, holding them at bay unaided.
Who acts: One · What happens: withstand, hold · To what, where: large number, blows, bay unaided
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Red Mouth Gun. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (One), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 withstood | nsubj |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 sons | case |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 sons | det |
| 4 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 One | nmod |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Kahekili | case |
| 6 | Kahekili | Kahekili | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 sons | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 king | punct |
| 8 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 withstood | nsubj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 Oahu | case |
| 10 | Oahu | Oahu | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 king | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 king | punct |
| 12 | withstood | withstand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 15 number | det |
| 14 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 number | amod |
| 15 | number | number | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 withstood | obj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 men | case |
| 17 | Kauai | Kauai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 men | compound |
| 18 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 number | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 holding | punct |
| 20 | holding | hold | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 withstood | advcl |
| 21 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 holding | obj |
| 22 | at | at | ADP | _ | 24 unaided | case |
| 23 | bay | bay | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 unaided | amod |
| 24 | unaided | unaided | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 holding | obl |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 withstood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | withstand | past | One of the sons of Kahekili | a large number of Kauai men | king of Oahu nsubj | tree rules | |||
| 2 | hold | gerund | One of the sons of Kahekili not said here | blows = blow | bay unaided | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent they=Theme at unaided=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/17/34/