Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, sentence 204
It has been greatly modified and enlarged, but the decree against robbery by any man, and especially the plunder of the weak by the powerful, had its beginning for Hawaii in the days of Ka-meha-meha.
Who acts: man, law · What happens: modify, enlarge, have, decree, begin · To what, where: law, beginning
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, law), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 modified | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 modified | aux |
| 3 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 modified | aux:pass |
| 4 | greatly | greatly | ADV | _ | 5 modified | advmod |
| 5 | modified | modify | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 enlarged | cc |
| 7 | enlarged | enlarge | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 modified | conj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 decree | punct |
| 9 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 decree | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 decree | det |
| 11 | decree | decree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 modified | obl |
| 12 | against | against | ADP | _ | 13 robbery | case |
| 13 | robbery | robbery | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 decree | nmod |
| 14 | by | by | ADP | _ | 16 man | case |
| 15 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 16 man | det |
| 16 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 decree | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 plunder | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 plunder | cc |
| 19 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 21 plunder | advmod |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 plunder | det |
| 21 | plunder | plunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 modified | obl |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 weak | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 weak | det |
| 24 | weak | weak | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 plunder | nmod |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 powerful | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 powerful | det |
| 27 | powerful | powerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 weak | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 had | punct |
| 29 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 modified | conj |
| 30 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 beginning | nmod:poss |
| 31 | beginning | beginning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 had | obj |
| 32 | for | for | ADP | _ | 33 Hawaii | case |
| 33 | Hawaii | Hawaii | PROPN | Number=Sing | 29 had | obl |
| 34 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 days | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 days | det |
| 36 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 had | obl |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 Ka | case |
| 38 | Ka | Ka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 days | appos |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 40 meha | punct |
| 40 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 38 Ka | dep |
| 41 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 42 meha | punct |
| 42 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 40 meha | flat:foreign |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 modified | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | modify | present · perfect · passive | law | the decree against robbery by any man obl; the plunder of the weak obl; greatly property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 2 | enlarge | participle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 3 | have | past | law's beginning | day | for Hawaii | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beginning=Patient | |||
| 4 | decree | any man | against robbery | nom decree «communication intransitive»: against=obl by=agent | |||||
| 5 | begin | law | nom beginning «event transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/18/204/