Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, sentence 30
A shudder passed over the young man as he said: “My chiefs no longer lie in the ferns.
Who acts: shudder, chiefs · What happens: pass, say, lie · To what, where: shudder, ferns · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shudder, chiefs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 shudder | det |
| 2 | shudder | shudder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 said | nsubj |
| 3 | passed | pass | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 shudder | acl |
| 4 | over | over | ADP | _ | 7 man | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 man | det |
| 6 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 man | amod |
| 7 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 passed | obl |
| 8 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 10 said | mark |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 said | nsubj |
| 10 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 17 lie | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 17 lie | punct |
| 13 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 chiefs | nmod:poss |
| 14 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 lie | nsubj |
| 15 | no | no | ADV | _ | 16 longer | advmod |
| 16 | longer | long | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 17 lie | advmod |
| 17 | lie | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 said | conj |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 ferns | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 ferns | det |
| 20 | ferns | fern | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 lie | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass | participle | a shudder not said here | over the young man | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme over man=Location | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | a shudder | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | lie in a quote | present | My chiefs | the ferns | long property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in fern=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/18/30/