Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, sentence 56
Other chiefs, of the southern part of the island, refused to swear allegiance to Ka-meha-meha, and had continued the war.
Who acts: Other chiefs · What happens: refuse, not swear, continue · To what, where: allegiance, war
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Other chiefs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 chiefs | amod |
| 2 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 refused | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 part | punct |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 part | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 part | det |
| 6 | southern | southern | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 part | amod |
| 7 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 chiefs | acl:relcl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 island | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 island | det |
| 10 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 part | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 chiefs | punct |
| 12 | refused | refuse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 swear | mark |
| 14 | swear | swear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 refused | xcomp |
| 15 | allegiance | allegiance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 swear | obj |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 Ka | case |
| 17 | Ka | Ka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 allegiance | appos |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 19 meha | punct |
| 19 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 17 Ka | dep |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 21 meha | punct |
| 21 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 19 meha | flat:foreign |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 continued | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 continued | cc |
| 24 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 continued | aux |
| 25 | continued | continue | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 12 refused | parataxis |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 war | det |
| 27 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 continued | obj |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 refused | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | refuse | past | Other chiefs of the southern part of the island | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 2 | not swear | to-infinitive | Other chiefs of the southern part of the island not said here | allegiance | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent allegiance=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | continue | past · perfect | the war | vn sustain-55.6 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent war=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/18/56/